---
summary: "How the installer scripts work (install.sh, install-cli.sh, install.ps1), flags, and automation"
read_when:
  - You want to understand `openclaw.ai/install.sh`
  - You want to automate installs (CI / headless)
  - You want to install from a GitHub checkout
title: "Installer internals"
---

OpenClaw ships three installer scripts, served from `openclaw.ai`.

| Script                             | Platform             | What it does                                                                                   |
| ---------------------------------- | -------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [`install.sh`](#installsh)         | macOS / Linux / WSL  | Installs Node if needed, installs OpenClaw via npm (default) or git, can run onboarding.       |
| [`install-cli.sh`](#install-clish) | macOS / Linux / WSL  | Installs Node + OpenClaw into a local prefix (`~/.openclaw`) via npm or git. No root required. |
| [`install.ps1`](#installps1)       | Windows (PowerShell) | Installs Node if needed, installs OpenClaw via npm (default) or git, can run onboarding.       |

All three support Node **22.22.3+, 24.15+, or 25.9+**. On macOS and Linux, `install.sh` provisions Node 26 when needed, while the rootless `install-cli.sh` downloads Node 24.15.0 (Node 22.22.3 on ARMv7). On Windows, winget/Chocolatey/Scoop install the supported Node LTS line, and the portable fallback downloads Node 26.

Before changing packages, every installer probes the exact npm executable it will use. npm 11.15 and earlier installs normally; npm 11.16 and later, including npm 12, receives `--allow-scripts` for only the npm-resolved OpenClaw candidate identity. An unreadable npm version stops before package mutation, and a remaining `dist/openclaw-install-guard` makes the install fail instead of reporting a lifecycle-skipped package as successful.

Install-method switches verify the replacement before retiring the current owner. Source wrappers use a same-directory atomic replacement; when an npm shim shares that path, the installer moves only an identity-matched source wrapper aside and restores it if npm installation, lifecycle checks, or candidate verification fails. On upgrades, `install.sh` and `install.ps1` run `openclaw doctor --fix`; repair or final verification failure exits nonzero, and the success banner appears only after those steps complete.

## Quick commands

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="install.sh">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash
    ```

    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- --help
    ```

  </Tab>
  <Tab title="install-cli.sh">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install-cli.sh | bash
    ```

    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install-cli.sh | bash -s -- --help
    ```

  </Tab>
  <Tab title="install.ps1">
    ```powershell
    iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1 | iex
    ```

    ```powershell
    & ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1))) -Tag beta -NoOnboard -DryRun
    ```

  </Tab>
</Tabs>

<Note>
If install succeeds but `openclaw` is not found in a new terminal, see [Node.js troubleshooting](/install/node#troubleshooting).
</Note>

---

<a id="installsh"></a>

## install.sh

<Tip>
Recommended for most interactive installs on macOS/Linux/WSL.
</Tip>

### Flow (install.sh)

<Steps>
  <Step title="Detect OS">
    Supports macOS and Linux (including WSL).
  </Step>
  <Step title="Ensure Node.js 26 by default">
    Checks Node version and installs Node 26 if needed (Homebrew `node` on macOS, NodeSource setup scripts on Linux apt/dnf/yum). On macOS, Homebrew is installed only when the installer needs it for Node or Git. Node 22.22.3+, Node 24.15+, and Node 25.9+ are supported; Node 23 is unsupported.
    On Alpine/musl Linux, the installer uses apk packages instead of NodeSource and verifies the actual linked SQLite version. Current stable Alpine package streams can provide a new-enough Node with vulnerable system SQLite; when that happens, use an official `node:26-alpine` container or a glibc-based host instead.
  </Step>
  <Step title="Ensure Git">
    Installs Git if missing using the detected package manager, including Homebrew on macOS and apk on Alpine.
  </Step>
  <Step title="Install OpenClaw">
    - `npm` method (default): global npm install
    - `git` method: clone/update repo, install deps with pnpm, build, then install wrapper at `~/.local/bin/openclaw`

  </Step>
  <Step title="Post-install tasks">
    - Resolves the just-installed `openclaw` binary for follow-up commands
    - For an unconfigured install, starts onboarding before doctor or gateway probes. With `--no-onboard` or no TTY, it prints the command to finish setup later.
    - For a configured install, refreshes and restarts a loaded gateway service best-effort and runs repair Doctor. Upgrade repair failures are fatal; plugin update failures remain warnings.
    - When `--verify` runs, it checks the installed version and checks gateway health only after configuration exists.

  </Step>
</Steps>

### Source checkout detection

If run inside an OpenClaw checkout (`package.json` + `pnpm-workspace.yaml`), the script offers:

- use checkout (`git`), or
- use global install (`npm`)

If no TTY is available and no install method is set, it defaults to `npm` and warns.

The script exits with code `2` for invalid method selection or invalid `--install-method` values.

### Examples (install.sh)

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Default">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Skip onboarding">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- --no-onboard
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Git install">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- --install-method git
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="GitHub main checkout">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- --install-method git --version main
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Dry run">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- --dry-run
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Verify after install">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- --no-onboard --verify
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Flags reference">

| Flag                                    | Description                                                             |
| --------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `--install-method \| --method npm\|git` | Choose install method (default: `npm`)                                  |
| `--npm`                                 | Shortcut for npm method                                                 |
| `--git \| --github`                     | Shortcut for git method                                                 |
| `--version <version\|dist-tag\|spec>`   | npm version, dist-tag, or package spec (default: `latest`)              |
| `--beta`                                | Use beta dist-tag if available, else fall back to `latest`              |
| `--git-dir \| --dir <path>`             | Checkout directory (default: `~/openclaw`)                              |
| `--no-git-update`                       | Skip `git pull` for existing checkout                                   |
| `--no-prompt`                           | Disable prompts                                                         |
| `--no-onboard`                          | Skip onboarding                                                         |
| `--onboard`                             | Enable onboarding                                                       |
| `--verify`                              | Run a post-install smoke verify (`--version`, gateway health if loaded) |
| `--dry-run`                             | Print actions without applying changes                                  |
| `--verbose`                             | Enable debug output (`set -x`, npm notice-level logs)                   |
| `--help \| -h`                          | Show usage                                                              |

  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Environment variables reference">

| Variable                                          | Description                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `OPENCLAW_INSTALL_METHOD=git\|npm`                | Install method                                                     |
| `OPENCLAW_VERSION=latest\|next\|<semver>\|<spec>` | npm version, dist-tag, or package spec                             |
| `OPENCLAW_BETA=0\|1`                              | Use beta if available                                              |
| `OPENCLAW_HOME=<path>`                            | Base directory for OpenClaw state and default git/onboarding paths |
| `OPENCLAW_GIT_DIR=<path>`                         | Checkout directory                                                 |
| `OPENCLAW_GIT_UPDATE=0\|1`                        | Toggle git updates                                                 |
| `OPENCLAW_NO_PROMPT=1`                            | Disable prompts                                                    |
| `OPENCLAW_VERIFY_INSTALL=1`                       | Run the post-install smoke verify                                  |
| `OPENCLAW_NO_ONBOARD=1`                           | Skip onboarding                                                    |
| `OPENCLAW_DRY_RUN=1`                              | Dry run mode                                                       |
| `OPENCLAW_VERBOSE=1`                              | Debug mode                                                         |
| `OPENCLAW_NPM_LOGLEVEL=error\|warn\|notice`       | npm log level (default: `error`, hides npm deprecation noise)      |

  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

---

<a id="install-clish"></a>

## install-cli.sh

<Info>
Designed for environments where you want everything under a local prefix
(default `~/.openclaw`) and no system Node dependency. Supports npm installs
by default, plus git-checkout installs under the same prefix flow.
</Info>

### Flow (install-cli.sh)

<Steps>
  <Step title="Install local Node runtime">
    Downloads a pinned supported Node LTS tarball (the version is embedded in the script and updated independently, default `24.15.0`) to `<prefix>/tools/node-v<version>` and verifies SHA-256.
    Linux ARMv7 uses Node `22.22.3` because official Node 24+ ARMv7 binaries are unavailable.
    On Alpine/musl Linux, where Node does not publish compatible tarballs for the pinned runtime, installs `nodejs` and `npm` with `apk`, then verifies both Node and the actual linked SQLite library. Current stable Alpine package streams may still link vulnerable SQLite even with a new-enough Node; use an official `node:24-alpine` container or a glibc-based host when the safety check rejects the package.
  </Step>
  <Step title="Ensure Git">
    If Git is missing, attempts install via apt/dnf/yum/apk on Linux or Homebrew on macOS.
  </Step>
  <Step title="Install OpenClaw under prefix">
    - `npm` method (default): installs under the prefix with npm, then writes wrapper to `<prefix>/bin/openclaw`
    - `git` method: clones/updates a checkout (default `~/openclaw`) and still writes the wrapper to `<prefix>/bin/openclaw`

  </Step>
  <Step title="Verify the installed CLI">
    Runs `<prefix>/bin/openclaw --version` and stops with an error unless the
    installed wrapper exits successfully with a nonempty version.
  </Step>
  <Step title="Refresh loaded gateway service">
    If a gateway service is already loaded from that same prefix, the script runs
    `openclaw gateway install --force`, which activates the replacement service,
    and then probes gateway health best-effort.
  </Step>
</Steps>

### Examples (install-cli.sh)

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Default">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install-cli.sh | bash
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Custom prefix + version">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install-cli.sh | bash -s -- --prefix /opt/openclaw --version latest
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Git install">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install-cli.sh | bash -s -- --install-method git --git-dir ~/openclaw
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Automation JSON output">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install-cli.sh | bash -s -- --json --prefix /opt/openclaw
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Run onboarding">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install-cli.sh | bash -s -- --onboard
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Flags reference">

| Flag                                    | Description                                                                     |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `--prefix <path>`                       | Install prefix (default: `~/.openclaw`)                                         |
| `--install-method \| --method npm\|git` | Choose install method (default: `npm`)                                          |
| `--npm`                                 | Shortcut for npm method                                                         |
| `--git \| --github`                     | Shortcut for git method                                                         |
| `--git-dir \| --dir <path>`             | Git checkout directory (default: `~/openclaw`)                                  |
| `--no-git-update`                       | Skip `git pull` for an existing git checkout                                    |
| `--version <ver>`                       | OpenClaw version or dist-tag (default: `latest`)                                |
| `--compatible-with <ver>`               | Refuse a CLI that cannot modify config written by `<ver>`                       |
| `--node-version <ver>`                  | Node version (default: `24.15.0`; `22.22.3` on Linux ARMv7)                     |
| `--json`                                | Emit NDJSON events                                                              |
| `--onboard`                             | Run `openclaw onboard` after install                                            |
| `--no-onboard`                          | Skip onboarding (default)                                                       |
| `--set-npm-prefix`                      | On Linux, force npm prefix to `~/.npm-global` if current prefix is not writable |
| `--help \| -h`                          | Show usage                                                                      |

  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Environment variables reference">

| Variable                                    | Description                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `OPENCLAW_PREFIX=<path>`                    | Install prefix                                                     |
| `OPENCLAW_INSTALL_METHOD=git\|npm`          | Install method                                                     |
| `OPENCLAW_VERSION=<ver>`                    | OpenClaw version or dist-tag                                       |
| `OPENCLAW_NODE_VERSION=<ver>`               | Node version                                                       |
| `OPENCLAW_HOME=<path>`                      | Base directory for OpenClaw state and default git/onboarding paths |
| `OPENCLAW_GIT_DIR=<path>`                   | Git checkout directory for git installs                            |
| `OPENCLAW_GIT_UPDATE=0\|1`                  | Toggle git updates for existing checkouts                          |
| `OPENCLAW_NO_ONBOARD=1`                     | Skip onboarding                                                    |
| `OPENCLAW_NPM_LOGLEVEL=error\|warn\|notice` | npm log level (default: `error`)                                   |

  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

<Note>
`openclaw@main` and other GitHub source specs are not valid `--version` targets for npm installs. Use `--install-method git --version main` instead.
</Note>

---

<a id="installps1"></a>

## install.ps1

### Flow (install.ps1)

<Steps>
  <Step title="Ensure PowerShell + Windows environment">
    Requires PowerShell 5+.
  </Step>
  <Step title="Ensure a supported Node.js runtime">
    If missing, attempts install via winget, then Chocolatey, then Scoop. If no package manager is available, the script downloads the official Node.js 26 Windows zip into `%LOCALAPPDATA%\OpenClaw\deps\portable-node` and adds it to the current process and user PATH. Node 22.22.3+, Node 24.15+, and Node 25.9+ are supported; Node 23 is unsupported.
  </Step>
  <Step title="Install OpenClaw">
    - `npm` method (default): global npm install using the selected `-Tag`, launched from a writable installer temp directory so shells opened in protected folders such as `C:\` still work
    - `git` method: clone/update repo, install/build with pnpm, and install wrapper at `%USERPROFILE%\.local\bin\openclaw.cmd`. If Git is missing, the script bootstraps user-local MinGit under `%LOCALAPPDATA%\OpenClaw\deps\portable-git` and adds it to the current process and user PATH.

  </Step>
  <Step title="Post-install tasks">
    - Adds needed bin directory to user PATH when possible
    - Refreshes a loaded gateway service best-effort (`openclaw gateway install --force`, then restart)
    - Runs `openclaw doctor --fix --non-interactive` on upgrades and git installs; failure prevents an upgrade-success result

  </Step>
  <Step title="Handle failures">
    `iwr ... | iex` and scriptblock installs report a terminating error without closing the current PowerShell session. Direct `powershell -File` / `pwsh -File` installs still exit non-zero for automation.
  </Step>
</Steps>

### Examples (install.ps1)

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Default">
    ```powershell
    iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1 | iex
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Git install">
    ```powershell
    & ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1))) -InstallMethod git
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="GitHub main checkout">
    ```powershell
    & ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1))) -InstallMethod git -Tag main
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Custom git directory">
    ```powershell
    & ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1))) -InstallMethod git -GitDir "C:\openclaw"
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="Dry run">
    ```powershell
    & ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1))) -DryRun
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Flags reference">

| Flag                        | Description                                                |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| `-InstallMethod npm\|git`   | Install method (default: `npm`)                            |
| `-Tag <tag\|version\|spec>` | npm dist-tag, version, or package spec (default: `latest`) |
| `-GitDir <path>`            | Checkout directory (default: `%USERPROFILE%\openclaw`)     |
| `-NoOnboard`                | Skip onboarding                                            |
| `-NoGitUpdate`              | Skip `git pull`                                            |
| `-DryRun`                   | Print actions only                                         |
| `-Help`                     | Show usage for downloaded scriptblock invocation           |

  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Environment variables reference">

| Variable                           | Description        |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------------ |
| `OPENCLAW_INSTALL_METHOD=git\|npm` | Install method     |
| `OPENCLAW_GIT_DIR=<path>`          | Checkout directory |
| `OPENCLAW_NO_ONBOARD=1`            | Skip onboarding    |
| `OPENCLAW_GIT_UPDATE=0`            | Disable git pull   |
| `OPENCLAW_DRY_RUN=1`               | Dry run mode       |

  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

<Note>
Pass installer options by name. Unknown options and positional arguments are rejected before downloads, PATH changes, or installation begin. Use `-?` with a saved `install.ps1` file, or `-Help` with the downloaded scriptblock form.
</Note>

<Note>
If `-InstallMethod git` is used and Git is missing, the script tries a user-local MinGit bootstrap before printing the Git for Windows link.
</Note>

---

## CI and automation

Use non-interactive flags/env vars for predictable runs.

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="install.sh (non-interactive npm)">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- --no-prompt --no-onboard
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="install.sh (non-interactive git)">
    ```bash
    OPENCLAW_INSTALL_METHOD=git OPENCLAW_NO_PROMPT=1 \
      curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install.sh | bash
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="install-cli.sh (JSON)">
    ```bash
    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://openclaw.ai/install-cli.sh | bash -s -- --json --prefix /opt/openclaw
    ```
  </Tab>
  <Tab title="install.ps1 (skip onboarding)">
    ```powershell
    & ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1))) -NoOnboard
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

---

## Troubleshooting

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Why is Git required?">
    Git is required for the `git` install method. For `npm` installs, Git is still checked/installed to avoid `spawn git ENOENT` failures when dependencies use git URLs.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Why does npm hit EACCES on Linux?">
    Some Linux setups point npm's global prefix to root-owned paths. `install.sh` can switch the prefix to `~/.npm-global` and append PATH exports to shell rc files (when those files exist).
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title='Windows: "npm error spawn git / ENOENT"'>
    Rerun the installer so it can bootstrap user-local MinGit, or install Git for Windows and reopen PowerShell.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title='Windows: "openclaw is not recognized"'>
    Run `npm config get prefix` and add that directory to your user PATH (no `\bin` suffix needed on Windows), then reopen PowerShell.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Windows: how to get verbose installer output">
    `install.ps1` uses `CmdletBinding`, so it accepts PowerShell's common `-Verbose` parameter. The installer does not currently write a dedicated verbose stream. For script-level diagnostics, use PowerShell tracing:

    ```powershell
    Set-PSDebug -Trace 1
    & ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -useb https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1))) -NoOnboard
    Set-PSDebug -Trace 0
    ```

  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="openclaw not found after install">
    Usually a PATH issue. See [Node.js troubleshooting](/install/node#troubleshooting).
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Related

- [Install overview](/install)
- [Updating](/install/updating)
- [Uninstall](/install/uninstall)