diff --git a/src/plugins/hook-runner-global-state.ts b/src/plugins/hook-runner-global-state.ts
index 40b95e83d2f2..f9aabd7317f3 100644
--- a/src/plugins/hook-runner-global-state.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/hook-runner-global-state.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import type {
   PluginRegistry,
   PluginTrustedToolPolicyRegistryRegistration,
 } from "./registry-types.js";
+import { getPluginRegistryState } from "./runtime-state.js";
 import { collectLivePluginRegistries } from "./runtime.js";
 
 type TrustedPolicyHookRunnerRegistry = GlobalHookRunnerRegistry & {
@@ -47,11 +48,15 @@ function collectHookRegistrySources(
     seen.add(registry);
     ordered.push(registry);
   };
-  // Precedence: the explicitly initialized registry wins so an SDK caller that
-  // initializes an isolated registry stays authoritative; in the gateway it is
-  // the same object as the active registry, so this just dedupes.
-  add(lastInitialized);
-  for (const registry of collectLivePluginRegistries()) {
+  const liveRegistries = collectLivePluginRegistries();
+  const initializedLiveRegistry = liveRegistries.some((registry) => registry === lastInitialized);
+  // SDK callers can initialize an isolated registry and expect it to stay
+  // authoritative. Runtime activations compose all live registries; owner
+  // selection below aligns same-plugin hooks with their tool registry.
+  if (!initializedLiveRegistry) {
+    add(lastInitialized);
+  }
+  for (const registry of liveRegistries) {
     add(registry);
   }
   return ordered;
@@ -84,6 +89,36 @@ function composeLiveHookRegistry(
     }
     return ids;
   });
+  const liveRegistries = collectLivePluginRegistries();
+  if (lastInitialized && !liveRegistries.includes(lastInitialized as PluginRegistry)) {
+    const isolatedSourceIndex = sources.indexOf(lastInitialized);
+    if (isolatedSourceIndex >= 0) {
+      for (const pluginId of expectDefined(
+        hookPluginIdsBySource[isolatedSourceIndex],
+        "isolated hook plugin ids",
+      )) {
+        claimOwner(pluginId, isolatedSourceIndex);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  const claimToolOwners = (registry: PluginRegistry | null | undefined) => {
+    if (!registry) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const sourceIndex = sources.indexOf(registry);
+    if (sourceIndex < 0) {
+      return;
+    }
+    for (const tool of registry.tools) {
+      claimOwner(tool.pluginId, sourceIndex);
+    }
+  };
+  const runtimeState = getPluginRegistryState();
+  // Match tool resolution: an isolated initialized registry stays authoritative,
+  // then the pinned Gateway owner wins only for tools it actually registered,
+  // followed by the active registry for remaining tool owners.
+  claimToolOwners(runtimeState?.channel.pinned ? runtimeState.channel.registry : null);
+  claimToolOwners(runtimeState?.activeRegistry);
   // Prefer the highest-precedence source where the plugin loaded AND actually
   // contributes a hook, so a loaded-but-hookless record (failed/disabled scoped
   // reload, or a setup-runtime channel load) cannot shadow a lower-precedence
diff --git a/src/plugins/hook-runner-global.compose.test.ts b/src/plugins/hook-runner-global.compose.test.ts
index caab21733f7e..43e8b64949e1 100644
--- a/src/plugins/hook-runner-global.compose.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/hook-runner-global.compose.test.ts
@@ -30,12 +30,105 @@ function runner() {
   return value;
 }
 
+function addToolOwner(registry: PluginRegistry, pluginId: string, toolName: string) {
+  registry.tools.push({
+    pluginId,
+    factory: () => [],
+    names: [toolName],
+    declaredNames: [toolName],
+    optional: false,
+    source: "test",
+  });
+}
+
 afterEach(() => {
   resetGlobalHookRunner();
   resetPluginRuntimeStateForTest();
 });
 
-describe("global hook runner composition (#91918)", () => {
+describe("global hook runner composition (#91918, #107933)", () => {
+  it("uses the pinned gateway owner when the active registry has the same plugin", async () => {
+    const gatewayHook = vi.fn();
+    const activeHook = vi.fn();
+    const gateway = createMockPluginRegistry([
+      { hookName: "before_tool_call", handler: gatewayHook, pluginId: "stateful" },
+    ]);
+    const active = createMockPluginRegistry([
+      { hookName: "before_tool_call", handler: activeHook, pluginId: "stateful" },
+    ]);
+    addToolOwner(gateway, "stateful", "stateful_tool");
+    addToolOwner(active, "stateful", "stateful_tool");
+
+    setActivePluginRegistry(gateway);
+    pinActivePluginChannelRegistry(gateway);
+    initializeGlobalHookRunner(gateway);
+    setActivePluginRegistry(active);
+    initializeGlobalHookRunner(active);
+
+    await runner().runBeforeToolCall(
+      { toolName: "stateful_tool", params: {} },
+      {
+        agentId: "test-agent",
+        sessionKey: "test-session",
+        toolCallId: "test-call",
+        toolName: "stateful_tool",
+      },
+    );
+
+    // Plugin tools resolve from the pinned channel registry before the active
+    // registry. Hooks for that plugin must use the same registration closure.
+    expect(gatewayHook).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(activeHook).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("uses the active hook when the pinned registry has no matching tool owner", async () => {
+    const gatewayHook = vi.fn();
+    const activeHook = vi.fn();
+    const gateway = createMockPluginRegistry([
+      { hookName: "before_tool_call", handler: gatewayHook, pluginId: "conditional" },
+    ]);
+    const active = createMockPluginRegistry([
+      { hookName: "before_tool_call", handler: activeHook, pluginId: "conditional" },
+    ]);
+    addToolOwner(active, "conditional", "conditional_tool");
+
+    setActivePluginRegistry(gateway);
+    pinActivePluginChannelRegistry(gateway);
+    initializeGlobalHookRunner(gateway);
+    setActivePluginRegistry(active);
+    initializeGlobalHookRunner(active);
+
+    await runner().runBeforeToolCall(
+      { toolName: "conditional_tool", params: {} },
+      {
+        agentId: "test-agent",
+        sessionKey: "test-session",
+        toolCallId: "test-call",
+        toolName: "conditional_tool",
+      },
+    );
+
+    expect(activeHook).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(gatewayHook).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("does not borrow a pinned hook when the active tool owner registered none", () => {
+    const gateway = createMockPluginRegistry([
+      { hookName: "before_tool_call", handler: vi.fn(), pluginId: "conditional" },
+    ]);
+    const active = createMockPluginRegistry([]);
+    expectDefined(active.plugins[0], "active.plugins[0] test invariant").id = "conditional";
+    addToolOwner(active, "conditional", "conditional_tool");
+
+    setActivePluginRegistry(gateway);
+    pinActivePluginChannelRegistry(gateway);
+    initializeGlobalHookRunner(gateway);
+    setActivePluginRegistry(active);
+    initializeGlobalHookRunner(active);
+
+    expect(runner().hasHooks("before_tool_call")).toBe(false);
+  });
+
   it("prefers a loaded registration over a failed scoped reload of the same plugin", () => {
     const boot = createMockPluginRegistry([
       { hookName: "before_tool_call", handler: vi.fn(), pluginId: "gate" },
diff --git a/src/plugins/hook-runner-global.ts b/src/plugins/hook-runner-global.ts
index 15d20b630a67..b2cc3dcf58b8 100644
--- a/src/plugins/hook-runner-global.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/hook-runner-global.ts
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
  * and can be called from anywhere in the codebase.
  *
  * The runner is created once and resolves hooks live on every dispatch from a
- * composed view of the registries that are currently live: the most recently
- * initialized registry, the active registry, and the pinned channel/http-route
- * surfaces. Freezing one registry caused scoped mid-run activations (harness
+ * composed view of the registries that are currently live: an explicitly
+ * initialized SDK registry, the pinned channel registry, the active registry,
+ * and other pinned surfaces. Freezing one registry caused scoped mid-run activations (harness
  * and memory ensures) to rebind the runner to a narrow registry and silently
  * drop other plugins' tool-call hooks (#91918). Composing live also preserves
  * the older contract that hooks pushed into a registry after initialization
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ const getLog = () => createSubsystemLogger("plugins");
  * Initialize the global hook runner with a plugin registry.
  * Called on every plugin registry activation and by SDK consumers. The runner
  * instance stays stable so references captured mid-run keep seeing current
- * hooks; the passed registry becomes the highest-precedence composition source.
+ * hooks. An isolated SDK registry stays authoritative; runtime registries use
+ * the gateway surface precedence shared by plugin tool resolution.
  */
 export function initializeGlobalHookRunner(registry: GlobalHookRunnerRegistry): void {
   const state = getHookRunnerGlobalState();
diff --git a/src/plugins/tools.optional.test.ts b/src/plugins/tools.optional.test.ts
index 0a3d0502272f..378a87aaab5c 100644
--- a/src/plugins/tools.optional.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/tools.optional.test.ts
@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ describe("resolvePluginTools optional tools", () => {
     expectLoaderSelectedOnlyPluginIds(["optional-demo"]);
   });
 
-  it("does not reuse a partial active registry for wildcard-selected plugin tools", () => {
+  it("combines a partial active registry with missing wildcard-selected plugin tools", () => {
     const context = createContext();
     const config = context.config;
     const optionalEntry = createOptionalDemoEntry();
@@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@ describe("resolvePluginTools optional tools", () => {
     };
     expect(loaderParams.activate).toBe(false);
     expect(loaderParams.cache).toBe(false);
-    expect(loaderParams.onlyPluginIds).toEqual(["multi", "optional-demo"]);
+    expect(loaderParams.onlyPluginIds).toEqual(["optional-demo"]);
     expect(loaderParams.toolDiscovery).toBe(true);
   });
 
@@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@ describe("resolvePluginTools optional tools", () => {
     );
   });
 
-  it("uses the fresh cold-loaded registry for diagnostics when partial active registries remain incomplete", () => {
+  it("combines partial active and cold-loaded registries without false diagnostics", () => {
     const context = createContext();
     const config = context.config;
     const multiEntry: MockRegistryToolEntry = {
@@ -1212,15 +1212,73 @@ describe("resolvePluginTools optional tools", () => {
       }),
     );
 
-    expectResolvedToolNames(tools, ["optional_tool"]);
+    expectResolvedToolNames(tools, ["other_tool", "optional_tool"]);
     expect(getActivePluginRegistry?.()).toBe(staleRegistry);
-    expectSingleDiagnosticMessage(
-      freshRegistry.diagnostics,
-      "plugin tool registry did not include selected plugin tools after cold load (multi)",
-    );
+    expectLoaderSelectedOnlyPluginIds(["optional-demo"]);
+    expect(freshRegistry.diagnostics).toStrictEqual([]);
     expect(staleRegistry.diagnostics).toStrictEqual([]);
   });
 
+  it("keeps missing-owner diagnostics on the request-local cold registry", () => {
+    const context = createContext();
+    const config = context.config;
+    const multiEntry: MockRegistryToolEntry = {
+      pluginId: "multi",
+      optional: false,
+      source: "/tmp/multi.js",
+      names: ["other_tool"],
+      declaredNames: ["other_tool"],
+      factory: () => makeTool("other_tool"),
+    };
+    installToolManifestSnapshots({
+      config,
+      plugins: [
+        {
+          id: "multi",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["other_tool"] },
+        },
+        {
+          id: "optional-demo",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["optional_tool"] },
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+    const activeRegistry = createToolRegistry([multiEntry]);
+    const coldRegistry = createToolRegistry([]);
+    coldRegistry.plugins.push({ id: "optional-demo", origin: "bundled", status: "loaded" });
+    setActivePluginRegistry?.(
+      activeRegistry as never,
+      "partial-test-tool-registry",
+      "gateway-bindable",
+      "/tmp",
+    );
+    resolveRuntimePluginRegistryMock.mockReturnValue(activeRegistry);
+    loadOpenClawPluginsMock.mockReturnValue(coldRegistry);
+
+    const tools = resolvePluginTools(
+      createResolveToolsParams({
+        context,
+        toolAllowlist: ["*", "optional-demo"],
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expectResolvedToolNames(tools, ["other_tool"]);
+    expectLoaderSelectedOnlyPluginIds(["optional-demo"]);
+    expectSingleDiagnosticMessage(
+      coldRegistry.diagnostics,
+      "plugin tool registry did not include selected plugin tools after cold load (optional-demo)",
+    );
+    expect(activeRegistry.diagnostics).toStrictEqual([]);
+  });
+
   it("does not reuse a pinned gateway registry for manifest-unavailable tools", () => {
     const config = createContext().config;
     installToolManifestSnapshot({
@@ -3263,21 +3321,16 @@ describe("resolvePluginTools optional tools", () => {
       toolAllowlist: ["*", "tavily"],
       allowGatewaySubagentBinding: true,
     });
-    const runtimeRegistryParams = mockCallParams(resolveRuntimePluginRegistryMock) as {
-      onlyPluginIds?: string[];
-      toolDiscovery?: unknown;
-    };
-    expect(runtimeRegistryParams.onlyPluginIds).toContain("tavily");
-    expect(runtimeRegistryParams.toolDiscovery).toBe(true);
+    expect(resolveRuntimePluginRegistryMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     const loaderParams = mockCallParams(loadOpenClawPluginsMock) as {
       onlyPluginIds?: string[];
       toolDiscovery?: unknown;
     };
-    expect(loaderParams.onlyPluginIds).toContain("tavily");
+    expect(loaderParams.onlyPluginIds).toEqual(["tavily"]);
     expect(loaderParams.toolDiscovery).toBe(true);
   });
 
-  it("reuses the pinned gateway channel registry after provider runtime loads replace active registry", () => {
+  it("reuses the pinned gateway registry across workspace-scoped provider runtime loads", () => {
     const gatewayRegistry = createOptionalDemoActiveRegistry();
     setActivePluginRegistry(
       gatewayRegistry as never,
@@ -3298,7 +3351,7 @@ describe("resolvePluginTools optional tools", () => {
       } as never,
       "provider-runtime",
       "default",
-      "/tmp",
+      "/tmp/provider-workspace",
     );
     resolveRuntimePluginRegistryMock.mockReturnValue(undefined);
 
@@ -3314,6 +3367,233 @@ describe("resolvePluginTools optional tools", () => {
     expect(loadOpenClawPluginsMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
+  it("loads only tool plugins missing from the pinned gateway registry", () => {
+    const gatewayFactory = vi.fn(() => makeTool("optional_tool"));
+    const standaloneFactory = vi.fn(() => makeTool("other_tool"));
+    const gatewayRegistry = createToolRegistry([
+      {
+        pluginId: "optional-demo",
+        optional: true,
+        source: "/tmp/optional-demo.js",
+        names: ["optional_tool"],
+        factory: gatewayFactory,
+      },
+    ]);
+    const standaloneRegistry = createToolRegistry([
+      {
+        pluginId: "multi",
+        optional: false,
+        source: "/tmp/multi.js",
+        names: ["other_tool"],
+        factory: standaloneFactory,
+      },
+    ]);
+    const config = createContext().config;
+    installToolManifestSnapshots({
+      config,
+      plugins: [
+        {
+          id: "optional-demo",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["optional_tool"] },
+        },
+        {
+          id: "multi",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["other_tool"] },
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+    setActivePluginRegistry(
+      gatewayRegistry as never,
+      "gateway-startup",
+      "gateway-bindable",
+      "/tmp",
+    );
+    pinActivePluginChannelRegistry(gatewayRegistry as never);
+    setActivePluginRegistry(
+      createEmptyPluginRegistry(),
+      "provider-runtime",
+      "default",
+      "/tmp/provider-workspace",
+    );
+    resolveRuntimePluginRegistryMock.mockReturnValue(undefined);
+    loadOpenClawPluginsMock.mockReturnValue(standaloneRegistry);
+
+    const tools = resolvePluginTools(
+      createResolveToolsParams({
+        context: { ...createContext(), config },
+        toolAllowlist: ["optional_tool", "other_tool"],
+        allowGatewaySubagentBinding: true,
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expectResolvedToolNames(tools, ["optional_tool", "other_tool"]);
+    expect(gatewayFactory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(standaloneFactory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expectLoaderSelectedOnlyPluginIds(["multi"]);
+  });
+
+  it("combines pinned gateway and compatible active tool owners", () => {
+    const gatewayFactory = vi.fn(() => makeTool("optional_tool"));
+    const activeFactory = vi.fn(() => makeTool("other_tool"));
+    const gatewayRegistry = createToolRegistry([
+      {
+        pluginId: "optional-demo",
+        optional: true,
+        source: "/tmp/optional-demo.js",
+        names: ["optional_tool"],
+        factory: gatewayFactory,
+      },
+    ]);
+    const activeRegistry = createToolRegistry([
+      {
+        pluginId: "multi",
+        optional: false,
+        source: "/tmp/multi.js",
+        names: ["other_tool"],
+        factory: activeFactory,
+      },
+    ]);
+    const config = createContext().config;
+    installToolManifestSnapshots({
+      config,
+      plugins: [
+        {
+          id: "optional-demo",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["optional_tool"] },
+        },
+        {
+          id: "multi",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["other_tool"] },
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+    setActivePluginRegistry(
+      gatewayRegistry as never,
+      "gateway-startup",
+      "gateway-bindable",
+      "/tmp",
+    );
+    pinActivePluginChannelRegistry(gatewayRegistry as never);
+    setActivePluginRegistry(activeRegistry as never, "provider-runtime", "default", "/tmp");
+    resolveRuntimePluginRegistryMock.mockReturnValue(activeRegistry);
+
+    const tools = resolvePluginTools(
+      createResolveToolsParams({
+        context: { ...createContext(), config },
+        toolAllowlist: ["optional_tool", "other_tool"],
+        allowGatewaySubagentBinding: true,
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expectResolvedToolNames(tools, ["optional_tool", "other_tool"]);
+    expect(gatewayFactory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(activeFactory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(loadOpenClawPluginsMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("combines partial active owners before loading only the still-missing plugin", () => {
+    const gatewayFactory = vi.fn(() => makeTool("optional_tool"));
+    const activeFactory = vi.fn(() => makeTool("other_tool"));
+    const standaloneFactory = vi.fn(() => makeTool("third_tool"));
+    const gatewayRegistry = createToolRegistry([
+      {
+        pluginId: "optional-demo",
+        optional: true,
+        source: "/tmp/optional-demo.js",
+        names: ["optional_tool"],
+        factory: gatewayFactory,
+      },
+    ]);
+    const activeRegistry = createToolRegistry([
+      {
+        pluginId: "multi",
+        optional: false,
+        source: "/tmp/multi.js",
+        names: ["other_tool"],
+        factory: activeFactory,
+      },
+    ]);
+    const standaloneRegistry = createToolRegistry([
+      {
+        pluginId: "third",
+        optional: false,
+        source: "/tmp/third.js",
+        names: ["third_tool"],
+        factory: standaloneFactory,
+      },
+    ]);
+    const config = createContext().config;
+    installToolManifestSnapshots({
+      config,
+      plugins: [
+        {
+          id: "optional-demo",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["optional_tool"] },
+        },
+        {
+          id: "multi",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["other_tool"] },
+        },
+        {
+          id: "third",
+          origin: "bundled",
+          enabledByDefault: true,
+          channels: [],
+          providers: [],
+          contracts: { tools: ["third_tool"] },
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+    setActivePluginRegistry(
+      gatewayRegistry as never,
+      "gateway-startup",
+      "gateway-bindable",
+      "/tmp",
+    );
+    pinActivePluginChannelRegistry(gatewayRegistry as never);
+    setActivePluginRegistry(activeRegistry as never, "provider-runtime", "default", "/tmp");
+    resolveRuntimePluginRegistryMock.mockReturnValue(activeRegistry);
+    loadOpenClawPluginsMock.mockReturnValue(standaloneRegistry);
+
+    const tools = resolvePluginTools(
+      createResolveToolsParams({
+        context: { ...createContext(), config },
+        toolAllowlist: ["optional_tool", "other_tool", "third_tool"],
+        allowGatewaySubagentBinding: true,
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expectResolvedToolNames(tools, ["optional_tool", "other_tool", "third_tool"]);
+    expect(gatewayFactory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(activeFactory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(standaloneFactory).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expectLoaderSelectedOnlyPluginIds(["third"]);
+  });
+
   it("reuses the pinned gateway channel registry even when the caller omits gateway binding", () => {
     const gatewayRegistry = createOptionalDemoActiveRegistry();
     setActivePluginRegistry(
diff --git a/src/plugins/tools.ts b/src/plugins/tools.ts
index 2efcb1e54f38..af5b4dc93117 100644
--- a/src/plugins/tools.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/tools.ts
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import type { PluginManifestRecord } from "./manifest-registry.js";
 import { hasManifestToolAvailability } from "./manifest-tool-availability.js";
 import type { PluginMetadataManifestView } from "./plugin-metadata-snapshot.types.js";
 import type { PluginRegistry, PluginToolRegistration } from "./registry-types.js";
+import { getPluginRegistryState } from "./runtime-state.js";
 import { withPluginRuntimePluginScope } from "./runtime/gateway-request-scope.js";
 import {
   buildPluginRuntimeLoadOptions,
@@ -999,35 +1000,105 @@ function resolvePluginToolRegistry(params: {
   retainedRegistry?: PluginRegistry;
   onRetainRegistry?: (registry: PluginRegistry) => void;
 }) {
-  const lookup = {
-    env: params.loadOptions.env,
-    loadOptions: params.loadOptions,
-    workspaceDir: params.loadOptions.workspaceDir,
-    requiredPluginIds: params.onlyPluginIds,
+  const requestedPluginIds = params.onlyPluginIds;
+  // Retained registries belong to one cached descriptor execution. Reusing one
+  // across a multi-owner request would keep its tools but lose its hook state
+  // when another owner triggers a fresh scoped load.
+  const retainedRegistry =
+    requestedPluginIds === undefined || requestedPluginIds.length === 1
+      ? params.retainedRegistry
+      : undefined;
+  const registries: PluginRegistry[] = [];
+  const seenRegistries = new Set<PluginRegistry>();
+  const ownerRegistryByPluginId = new Map<string, PluginRegistry>();
+  const addRegistry = (registry: PluginRegistry | undefined) => {
+    if (!registry || seenRegistries.has(registry)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    seenRegistries.add(registry);
+    registries.push(registry);
+    if (requestedPluginIds === undefined) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const toolPluginIds = new Set(registry.tools.map((entry) => entry.pluginId));
+    for (const pluginId of requestedPluginIds) {
+      if (toolPluginIds.has(pluginId) && !ownerRegistryByPluginId.has(pluginId)) {
+        ownerRegistryByPluginId.set(pluginId, registry);
+      }
+    }
   };
-  const channelRegistry = getLoadedRuntimePluginRegistry({
-    ...lookup,
-    surface: "channel",
-  });
-  if (registryHasScopedPluginTools(channelRegistry, params.onlyPluginIds)) {
-    return channelRegistry;
+  const missingPluginIds = () =>
+    requestedPluginIds?.filter((pluginId) => !ownerRegistryByPluginId.has(pluginId));
+  const composeSelectedRegistries = () =>
+    composePluginToolRegistries({
+      registries,
+      ownerRegistryByPluginId,
+      requestedPluginIds: requestedPluginIds ?? [],
+    });
+
+  // Use the established pinned-Gateway owner; its factories receive request
+  // context directly. Reapplying active-scope metadata would duplicate the
+  // registration and split hook/tool closure state.
+  const runtimeState = getPluginRegistryState();
+  const gatewayRegistry = runtimeState?.channel.pinned
+    ? (runtimeState.channel.registry ?? undefined)
+    : undefined;
+  if (
+    requestedPluginIds === undefined &&
+    registryHasScopedPluginTools(gatewayRegistry, undefined)
+  ) {
+    return gatewayRegistry;
+  }
+  addRegistry(gatewayRegistry);
+  let requiredPluginIds = missingPluginIds();
+  if (requiredPluginIds?.length === 0) {
+    return composeSelectedRegistries();
   }
 
-  const activeRegistry = getLoadedRuntimePluginRegistry({
-    env: lookup.env,
-    workspaceDir: lookup.workspaceDir,
-    requiredPluginIds: lookup.requiredPluginIds,
-    surface: "active",
-  });
-  if (registryHasScopedPluginTools(activeRegistry, params.onlyPluginIds)) {
+  let activeRegistry: PluginRegistry | undefined;
+  if (requiredPluginIds === undefined) {
+    activeRegistry = getLoadedRuntimePluginRegistry({
+      env: params.loadOptions.env,
+      workspaceDir: params.loadOptions.workspaceDir,
+      surface: "active",
+    });
+  } else {
+    for (const pluginId of requiredPluginIds) {
+      activeRegistry = getLoadedRuntimePluginRegistry({
+        env: params.loadOptions.env,
+        workspaceDir: params.loadOptions.workspaceDir,
+        requiredPluginIds: [pluginId],
+        surface: "active",
+      });
+      if (activeRegistry) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (requestedPluginIds === undefined && registryHasScopedPluginTools(activeRegistry, undefined)) {
     return activeRegistry;
   }
-
-  if (registryHasScopedPluginTools(params.retainedRegistry, params.onlyPluginIds)) {
-    return params.retainedRegistry;
+  addRegistry(activeRegistry);
+  requiredPluginIds = missingPluginIds();
+  if (requiredPluginIds?.length === 0) {
+    return composeSelectedRegistries();
   }
 
-  const forceStandaloneLoad = Boolean(channelRegistry || activeRegistry);
+  if (
+    requestedPluginIds === undefined &&
+    registryHasScopedPluginTools(retainedRegistry, undefined)
+  ) {
+    return retainedRegistry;
+  }
+  addRegistry(retainedRegistry);
+  requiredPluginIds = missingPluginIds();
+  if (requiredPluginIds?.length === 0) {
+    return composeSelectedRegistries();
+  }
+  // Partial active/retained registries contribute their matching owners, but
+  // missing requested owners still force a fresh load. Plugin records alone
+  // do not prove that the executable tool registrations are available.
+  const forceStandaloneLoad = Boolean(gatewayRegistry || activeRegistry || retainedRegistry);
   const shouldRetainColdLoadedToolRegistry =
     forceStandaloneLoad &&
     params.loadOptions.activate === false &&
@@ -1037,16 +1108,55 @@ function resolvePluginToolRegistry(params: {
     surface: "active",
     forceLoad: forceStandaloneLoad,
     installRegistry: !forceStandaloneLoad,
-    requiredPluginIds: params.onlyPluginIds,
-    loadOptions: params.loadOptions,
+    requiredPluginIds,
+    loadOptions:
+      requestedPluginIds === undefined
+        ? params.loadOptions
+        : { ...params.loadOptions, onlyPluginIds: requiredPluginIds },
   });
-  if (registryHasScopedPluginTools(standaloneRegistry, params.onlyPluginIds)) {
-    if (shouldRetainColdLoadedToolRegistry) {
-      params.onRetainRegistry?.(standaloneRegistry);
-    }
-    return standaloneRegistry;
+  if (standaloneRegistry && shouldRetainColdLoadedToolRegistry) {
+    params.onRetainRegistry?.(standaloneRegistry);
   }
-  return standaloneRegistry ?? channelRegistry ?? activeRegistry;
+  addRegistry(standaloneRegistry);
+  if (requestedPluginIds === undefined) {
+    return standaloneRegistry ?? gatewayRegistry ?? activeRegistry;
+  }
+  return composeSelectedRegistries();
+}
+
+function composePluginToolRegistries(params: {
+  registries: PluginRegistry[];
+  ownerRegistryByPluginId: ReadonlyMap<string, PluginRegistry>;
+  requestedPluginIds: readonly string[];
+}): PluginRegistry | undefined {
+  if (params.registries.length === 0) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  const contributingRegistries = params.registries.filter((registry) =>
+    params.requestedPluginIds.some(
+      (pluginId) => params.ownerRegistryByPluginId.get(pluginId) === registry,
+    ),
+  );
+  const baseRegistry = params.registries.at(-1)!;
+  if (contributingRegistries.length === 1 && contributingRegistries[0] === baseRegistry) {
+    return baseRegistry;
+  }
+  const selectedPluginIds = new Set(params.requestedPluginIds);
+  return {
+    ...baseRegistry,
+    plugins: contributingRegistries.flatMap((registry) =>
+      registry.plugins.filter(
+        (plugin) =>
+          selectedPluginIds.has(plugin.id) &&
+          params.ownerRegistryByPluginId.get(plugin.id) === registry,
+      ),
+    ),
+    tools: contributingRegistries.flatMap((registry) =>
+      registry.tools.filter(
+        (entry) => params.ownerRegistryByPluginId.get(entry.pluginId) === registry,
+      ),
+    ),
+  };
 }
 
 function registryHasScopedPluginTools(