diff --git a/src/infra/sqlite-user-version.test.ts b/src/infra/sqlite-user-version.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..acea767c13e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/infra/sqlite-user-version.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Tests for SQLite user_version pragma helper.
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { readSqliteUserVersion } from "./sqlite-user-version.js";
+
+describe("readSqliteUserVersion", () => {
+  it("returns 0 when row is undefined", () => {
+    const db = {
+      prepare: () => ({ get: () => undefined }),
+    } as any;
+    expect(readSqliteUserVersion(db)).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it("returns 0 when user_version is null", () => {
+    const db = {
+      prepare: () => ({ get: () => ({ user_version: null }) }),
+    } as any;
+    expect(readSqliteUserVersion(db)).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it("returns numeric user_version", () => {
+    const db = {
+      prepare: () => ({ get: () => ({ user_version: 5 }) }),
+    } as any;
+    expect(readSqliteUserVersion(db)).toBe(5);
+  });
+
+  it("returns 0 when user_version is 0", () => {
+    const db = {
+      prepare: () => ({ get: () => ({ user_version: 0 }) }),
+    } as any;
+    expect(readSqliteUserVersion(db)).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it("converts string user_version to number", () => {
+    const db = {
+      prepare: () => ({ get: () => ({ user_version: "3" }) }),
+    } as any;
+    expect(readSqliteUserVersion(db)).toBe(3);
+  });
+
+  it("returns 0 for empty object", () => {
+    const db = {
+      prepare: () => ({ get: () => ({}) }),
+    } as any;
+    expect(readSqliteUserVersion(db)).toBe(0);
+  });
+});