diff --git a/extensions/alibaba/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/alibaba/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index 590b19de6fe4..6709bfc1937c 100644
--- a/extensions/alibaba/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/alibaba/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Alibaba tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -9,6 +8,7 @@ import {
 import {
   getProviderHttpMocks,
   installProviderHttpMockCleanup,
+  requireFirstPostJsonRecordRequest as requireFirstPostJsonRequest,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks";
 import {
   expectDashscopeVideoTaskPoll,
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ import {
   expectSuccessfulDashscopeVideoResult,
   mockSuccessfulDashscopeVideoTask,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
+// Alibaba tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import {
   DASHSCOPE_WAN_VIDEO_MODELS,
   DEFAULT_DASHSCOPE_WAN_VIDEO_MODEL,
@@ -50,20 +52,7 @@ function clearAlibabaAuthEnvironment(): void {
   }
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
-
-function requireFirstPostJsonRequest(label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  const [call] = postJsonRequestMock.mock.calls;
-  if (!call) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return requireRecord(call[0], label);
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 describe("alibaba video generation provider", () => {
   it("declares explicit mode capabilities", () => {
@@ -274,7 +263,7 @@ describe("alibaba video generation provider", () => {
     });
 
     expect(postJsonRequestMock).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
-    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest("DashScope request");
+    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(postJsonRequestMock, "DashScope request");
     expect(request.url).toBe(
       "https://dashscope-intl.aliyuncs.com/api/v1/services/aigc/video-generation/video-synthesis",
     );
@@ -338,7 +327,10 @@ describe("alibaba video generation provider", () => {
         request: requestPolicy,
       }),
     );
-    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest("DashScope request with request policy");
+    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(
+      postJsonRequestMock,
+      "DashScope request with request policy",
+    );
     expect(request.allowPrivateNetwork).toBe(true);
     expect(request.dispatcherPolicy).toBe(dispatcherPolicy);
     expect(request.headers).toBeInstanceOf(Headers);
diff --git a/extensions/amazon-bedrock-mantle/mantle-anthropic.runtime.test.ts b/extensions/amazon-bedrock-mantle/mantle-anthropic.runtime.test.ts
index 27fdbb08abe9..6fa24510593e 100644
--- a/extensions/amazon-bedrock-mantle/mantle-anthropic.runtime.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/amazon-bedrock-mantle/mantle-anthropic.runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Amazon Bedrock Mantle tests cover mantle anthropic plugin behavior.
 import type { Model } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/llm";
+// Amazon Bedrock Mantle tests cover mantle anthropic plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createMantleAnthropicStreamFn } from "./mantle-anthropic.runtime.js";
 
@@ -29,12 +30,7 @@ function createTestDeps() {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-capitalized");
 
 function mockCallArg(mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } }, index = 0, argIndex = 0): unknown {
   const call = mock.mock.calls[index];
diff --git a/extensions/amazon-bedrock/index.test.ts b/extensions/amazon-bedrock/index.test.ts
index a8be60ebfc07..79e60ab46616 100644
--- a/extensions/amazon-bedrock/index.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/amazon-bedrock/index.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Amazon Bedrock tests cover index plugin behavior.
 import { readFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import { resolve } from "node:path";
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
@@ -10,6 +9,8 @@ import {
   registerSingleProviderPlugin,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-runtime";
 import { withEnvAsync } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-env";
+// Amazon Bedrock tests cover index plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { supportsBedrockPromptCaching } from "./bedrock-options.js";
 import { resetBedrockDiscoveryCacheForTest } from "./discovery.js";
@@ -237,12 +238,7 @@ function runtimePluginConfig(config?: Record<string, unknown>): OpenClawConfig {
   } as OpenClawConfig;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/extensions/anthropic/index.test.ts b/extensions/anthropic/index.test.ts
index 7b0ed236591f..4e6ea3cca71f 100644
--- a/extensions/anthropic/index.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/anthropic/index.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Anthropic tests cover index plugin behavior.
 import { calculateCost, type Usage } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/llm";
 import type {
   ProviderResolveDynamicModelContext,
@@ -9,6 +8,8 @@ import {
   capturePluginRegistration,
   registerSingleProviderPlugin,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-runtime";
+// Anthropic tests cover index plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const { readClaudeCliCredentialsForSetupMock, readClaudeCliCredentialsForRuntimeMock } = vi.hoisted(
@@ -53,12 +54,7 @@ function createModelRegistry(models: ProviderRuntimeModel[]) {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectFields(value: unknown, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   const record = requireRecord(value, "record");
diff --git a/extensions/browser/src/browser/routes/agent.existing-session.test.ts b/extensions/browser/src/browser/routes/agent.existing-session.test.ts
index 349fe4b652c2..98413aad88b3 100644
--- a/extensions/browser/src/browser/routes/agent.existing-session.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/browser/src/browser/routes/agent.existing-session.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Browser tests cover agent.existing session plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { EXISTING_SESSION_LIMITS } from "./existing-session-limits.js";
 import {
@@ -126,12 +127,7 @@ function getDialogHookPostHandler() {
   return handler;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function callArg(mock: unknown, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const calls = (mock as { mock?: { calls?: Array<Array<unknown>> } }).mock?.calls ?? [];
diff --git a/extensions/browser/src/browser/server.agent-contract-form-layout-act-commands.test.ts b/extensions/browser/src/browser/server.agent-contract-form-layout-act-commands.test.ts
index 73963d88142d..ad66780fb9b7 100644
--- a/extensions/browser/src/browser/server.agent-contract-form-layout-act-commands.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/browser/src/browser/server.agent-contract-form-layout-act-commands.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Browser tests cover server.agent contract form layout act commands plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Browser tests cover server.agent contract form layout act commands plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import "../test-support/browser-security.mock.js";
 import { DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_DIR, DEFAULT_TRACE_DIR, DEFAULT_UPLOAD_DIR } from "./paths.js";
@@ -176,16 +177,7 @@ async function withSymlinkPathEscape<T>(params: {
 
 type MockWithCalls = { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } };
 
-function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
-  return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
-}
-
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(value: unknown, label: string, expected: Record<string, unknown>) {
   const record = requireRecord(value, label);
diff --git a/extensions/byteplus/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/byteplus/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index 5fc39de412c9..989d516af094 100644
--- a/extensions/byteplus/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/byteplus/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Byteplus tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
 import { expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
+import { streamedJsonResponse } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 // Submit/poll transport is mocked locally so each test can inject the BytePlus task JSON
@@ -189,20 +190,6 @@ function streamedVideoResponse(bytes: string): Response {
   );
 }
 
-// BytePlus submit/poll task JSON is now read through the byte-bounded reader, so the
-// mocked responses must expose a real readable body (not just a json() shortcut).
-function streamedJsonResponse(payload: unknown): Response {
-  return new Response(
-    new ReadableStream({
-      start(controller) {
-        controller.enqueue(new TextEncoder().encode(JSON.stringify(payload)));
-        controller.close();
-      },
-    }),
-    { status: 200, headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
-  );
-}
-
 // Builds a JSON body larger than the shared 16 MiB readProviderJsonResponse cap so the
 // bounded reader cancels the stream mid-flight; if the cap were removed the reader would
 // buffer the whole advertised payload before parsing. Tracks how many bytes were pulled
diff --git a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/approval-bridge.test.ts b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/approval-bridge.test.ts
index 559aa75db921..fa684ec4d5b2 100644
--- a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/approval-bridge.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/approval-bridge.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Codex tests cover approval bridge plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -11,6 +10,8 @@ import {
   runBeforeToolCallHook,
   type EmbeddedRunAttemptParams,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-harness-runtime";
+// Codex tests cover approval bridge plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { handleCodexAppServerApprovalRequest } from "./approval-bridge.js";
 import {
@@ -46,12 +47,7 @@ const mockResolveNativeHookRelayDeferredToolApproval = vi.mocked(
 const mockReviewExecRequestWithConfiguredModel = vi.mocked(reviewExecRequestWithConfiguredModel);
 const mockRunBeforeToolCallHook = vi.mocked(runBeforeToolCallHook);
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function gatewayCallAt(callIndex = 0) {
   const call = mockCallGatewayTool.mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/computer-use.test.ts b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/computer-use.test.ts
index 100dabe0c0d5..45185846ed43 100644
--- a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/computer-use.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/computer-use.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Codex tests cover computer use plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Codex tests cover computer use plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { resolveCodexAppServerRuntimeOptions } from "./config.js";
 import { acquireCodexNativeConfigFence } from "./native-config-fence.js";
@@ -61,12 +62,7 @@ async function expectSetupErrorStatus(
   expectStatusFields(status, fields);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function requestCalls(
   request: CodexComputerUseRequest,
diff --git a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/config.test.ts b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/config.test.ts
index 4943f32379ac..8496377fe306 100644
--- a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/config.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/config.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Codex tests cover config plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { MAX_TIMER_TIMEOUT_MS } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/number-runtime";
 import { withTempDir } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-env";
+// Codex tests cover config plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   canUseCodexModelBackedApprovalsReviewerForModel,
@@ -45,12 +46,7 @@ function envRef(id: string) {
   return { source: "env" as const, provider: "default", id };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function expectFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/dynamic-tools.test.ts b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/dynamic-tools.test.ts
index 4dabfaabb60a..0b69a065abee 100644
--- a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/dynamic-tools.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/dynamic-tools.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Codex tests cover dynamic tools plugin behavior.
 import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { mkdir, mkdtemp, readFile, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
@@ -26,6 +25,8 @@ import {
   createTestRegistry,
   setActivePluginRegistry,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-runtime";
+// Codex tests cover dynamic tools plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { createOpenClawTestState } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-state";
 import { estimateToolResultTextChars } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/text-utility-runtime";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
@@ -105,12 +106,7 @@ function expectInputText(text: string) {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 function callArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: Array<Array<unknown>> } },
   callIndex: number,
diff --git a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/openclaw-owned-tool-runtime-contract.test.ts b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/openclaw-owned-tool-runtime-contract.test.ts
index 9df679278df8..4696f209c483 100644
--- a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/openclaw-owned-tool-runtime-contract.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/openclaw-owned-tool-runtime-contract.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Codex tests cover openclaw owned tool runtime contract plugin behavior.
 import type { AnyAgentTool } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-harness";
 import { wrapToolWithBeforeToolCallHook } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-harness-runtime";
 import {
@@ -8,6 +7,8 @@ import {
   resetOpenClawOwnedToolHooks,
   textToolResult,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-runtime-test-contracts";
+// Codex tests cover openclaw owned tool runtime contract plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createCodexDynamicToolBridge } from "./dynamic-tools.js";
 
@@ -21,12 +22,7 @@ function createContractTool(overrides: Partial<AnyAgentTool>): AnyAgentTool {
   } as unknown as AnyAgentTool;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/run-attempt.context-engine.test.ts b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/run-attempt.context-engine.test.ts
index 0d04cae007f5..604425632c71 100644
--- a/extensions/codex/src/app-server/run-attempt.context-engine.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/codex/src/app-server/run-attempt.context-engine.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Codex tests cover run attempt.context engine plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -20,6 +19,8 @@ import { createMockPluginRegistry } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-runtim
 import { registerSandboxBackend } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/sandbox";
 import { upsertSessionEntry } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/session-store-runtime";
 import { formatSqliteSessionFileMarker } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/sqlite-runtime-testing";
+// Codex tests cover run attempt.context engine plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { readAttemptTerminal } from "./attempt-terminal.test-helper.js";
 import { shouldEnableCodexAppServerNativeToolSurface } from "./dynamic-tool-build.js";
@@ -382,12 +383,7 @@ function createContextEngine(overrides: Partial<ContextEngine> = {}): ContextEng
 
 type MockCallReader = { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function optionalString(value: unknown): string {
   return typeof value === "string" ? value : "";
diff --git a/extensions/codex/src/commands.test.ts b/extensions/codex/src/commands.test.ts
index dec1ce70fd44..5af9ace52108 100644
--- a/extensions/codex/src/commands.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/codex/src/commands.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Codex tests cover commands plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -11,6 +10,8 @@ import {
 import { MODEL_SELECTION_LOCKED_MESSAGE } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/model-session-runtime";
 import type { PluginCommandContext, PluginCommandResult } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-entry";
 import { upsertSessionEntry } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/session-store-runtime";
+// Codex tests cover commands plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { CODEX_CONTROL_METHODS } from "./app-server/capabilities.js";
 import type { CodexComputerUseStatus } from "./app-server/computer-use.js";
@@ -302,12 +303,7 @@ function codexRateLimitPayload(params: {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, message: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(message);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "message");
 
 function mockCall(mockFn: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, callIndex = 0): ReadonlyArray<unknown> {
   const call = mockFn.mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/extensions/deepinfra/speech-provider.test.ts b/extensions/deepinfra/speech-provider.test.ts
index b26b32168e1c..cf6efb16e3e6 100644
--- a/extensions/deepinfra/speech-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/deepinfra/speech-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Deepinfra tests cover speech provider plugin behavior.
+import { requireFirstPostJsonRequest } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { buildDeepInfraSpeechProvider } from "./speech-provider.js";
 
@@ -33,14 +34,6 @@ afterAll(() => {
   vi.resetModules();
 });
 
-function requireFirstPostJsonRequest(): unknown {
-  const [call] = postJsonRequestMock.mock.calls;
-  if (!call) {
-    throw new Error("expected DeepInfra speech request");
-  }
-  return call[0];
-}
-
 describe("deepinfra speech provider", () => {
   afterEach(() => {
     assertOkOrThrowHttpErrorMock.mockClear();
@@ -126,7 +119,10 @@ describe("deepinfra speech provider", () => {
       ],
     ]);
     expect(postJsonRequestMock).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
-    const postRequest = requireFirstPostJsonRequest();
+    const postRequest = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(
+      postJsonRequestMock,
+      "DeepInfra speech request",
+    );
     const postRequestHeaders = Reflect.get(postRequest ?? {}, "headers");
     expect(postRequestHeaders).toBeInstanceOf(Headers);
     expect(Object.fromEntries((postRequestHeaders as Headers).entries())).toEqual({
diff --git a/extensions/deepinfra/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/deepinfra/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index 1e76562976bc..8bfb4dd0081a 100644
--- a/extensions/deepinfra/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/deepinfra/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
 import {
   getProviderHttpMocks,
   installProviderHttpMockCleanup,
+  requireFirstPostJsonRequest,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks";
 import { expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
@@ -30,14 +31,6 @@ function mockSubmit(job: unknown, release = vi.fn(async () => {})): typeof relea
   return release;
 }
 
-function requireFirstPostJsonRequest(): unknown {
-  const [call] = postJsonRequestMock.mock.calls;
-  if (!call) {
-    throw new Error("expected DeepInfra video submit request");
-  }
-  return call[0];
-}
-
 describe("deepinfra video generation provider", () => {
   it("declares explicit mode capabilities", () => {
     expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities(buildDeepInfraVideoGenerationProvider());
@@ -101,7 +94,10 @@ describe("deepinfra video generation provider", () => {
     ]);
 
     expect(postJsonRequestMock).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
-    const postRequest = requireFirstPostJsonRequest();
+    const postRequest = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(
+      postJsonRequestMock,
+      "DeepInfra video submit request",
+    );
     const postRequestHeaders = Reflect.get(postRequest ?? {}, "headers");
     expect(postRequestHeaders).toBeInstanceOf(Headers);
     expect(Object.fromEntries((postRequestHeaders as Headers).entries())).toEqual({
@@ -196,9 +192,12 @@ describe("deepinfra video generation provider", () => {
       } as unknown as OpenClawConfig,
     });
 
-    expect(Reflect.get(requireFirstPostJsonRequest() ?? {}, "url")).toBe(
-      "https://video.example.com/v1/openai/videos",
-    );
+    expect(
+      Reflect.get(
+        requireFirstPostJsonRequest(postJsonRequestMock, "DeepInfra video submit request") ?? {},
+        "url",
+      ),
+    ).toBe("https://video.example.com/v1/openai/videos");
     expect(result.videos).toEqual([
       {
         url: "https://video.example.com/generated/custom.mp4",
@@ -287,7 +286,10 @@ describe("deepinfra video generation provider", () => {
     });
 
     expect(postJsonRequestMock).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
-    const postRequest = requireFirstPostJsonRequest();
+    const postRequest = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(
+      postJsonRequestMock,
+      "DeepInfra video submit request",
+    );
     expect(Reflect.get(Reflect.get(postRequest ?? {}, "body") ?? {}, "seed")).toBeUndefined();
   });
 
diff --git a/extensions/diffs/src/config.test.ts b/extensions/diffs/src/config.test.ts
index a3b84f4c7c32..4b58ee64e3c6 100644
--- a/extensions/diffs/src/config.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/diffs/src/config.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Diffs tests cover config plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import {
   validateJsonSchemaValue,
   type JsonSchemaObject,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/json-schema-runtime";
+// Diffs tests cover config plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import {
   diffsPluginConfigSchema,
@@ -63,12 +64,7 @@ function compileManifestConfigSchema() {
     });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectFields(value: unknown, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   const record = requireRecord(value, "record");
diff --git a/extensions/discord/src/monitor.test.ts b/extensions/discord/src/monitor.test.ts
index 67e60ebee841..6ed670621182 100644
--- a/extensions/discord/src/monitor.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/discord/src/monitor.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Discord tests cover monitor plugin behavior.
 import { danger } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/runtime-env";
-import { typedCases } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
+import { createRequireRecord, typedCases } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { ChannelType, type Guild } from "./internal/discord.js";
 import {
@@ -949,12 +949,7 @@ function firstMockArg(mock: MockWithCalls, label: string) {
   return firstMockCall(mock, label)[0];
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-object");
 
 function makeReactionEvent(overrides?: {
   guildId?: string;
diff --git a/extensions/discord/src/monitor/message-media.test.ts b/extensions/discord/src/monitor/message-media.test.ts
index fbb16d2b7164..f974f7d75039 100644
--- a/extensions/discord/src/monitor/message-media.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/discord/src/monitor/message-media.test.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-// Discord tests cover message utils plugin behavior.
 import {
   type APIAttachment,
   type APIStickerItem,
   MessageReferenceType,
   StickerFormatType,
 } from "discord-api-types/v10";
+// Discord tests cover message utils plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { Message } from "../internal/discord.js";
 
@@ -97,12 +98,7 @@ const DISCORD_CDN_HOSTNAMES = [
   "*.discordapp.net",
 ];
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): Array<unknown> {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), label).toBe(true);
diff --git a/extensions/discord/src/monitor/thread-bindings.lifecycle.test.ts b/extensions/discord/src/monitor/thread-bindings.lifecycle.test.ts
index 3908c0b167e1..91ea57e15297 100644
--- a/extensions/discord/src/monitor/thread-bindings.lifecycle.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/discord/src/monitor/thread-bindings.lifecycle.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Discord tests cover thread bindings.lifecycle plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -15,6 +14,8 @@ import {
   setRuntimeConfigSnapshot,
   type OpenClawConfig,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/runtime-config-snapshot";
+// Discord tests cover thread bindings.lifecycle plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { setDiscordRuntime } from "../runtime.js";
 import { EMPTY_DISCORD_TEST_CONFIG } from "../test-support/config.js";
@@ -92,12 +93,7 @@ function createTestThreadBindingManager(
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function expectFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/extensions/discord/src/monitor/threading.auto-thread.test.ts b/extensions/discord/src/monitor/threading.auto-thread.test.ts
index a12cad48dfcd..142a84b11cb0 100644
--- a/extensions/discord/src/monitor/threading.auto-thread.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/discord/src/monitor/threading.auto-thread.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Discord tests cover threading.auto thread plugin behavior.
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
+// Discord tests cover threading.auto thread plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { ChannelType } from "../internal/discord.js";
 import { EMPTY_DISCORD_TEST_CONFIG } from "../test-support/config.js";
@@ -57,12 +58,7 @@ async function flushAsyncWork() {
   await Promise.resolve();
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function callArg(mock: unknown, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const calls = (mock as { mock?: { calls?: Array<Array<unknown>> } }).mock?.calls ?? [];
diff --git a/extensions/discord/src/send.creates-thread.test.ts b/extensions/discord/src/send.creates-thread.test.ts
index cd7ff21454bb..f8bd77ffce35 100644
--- a/extensions/discord/src/send.creates-thread.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/discord/src/send.creates-thread.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Discord tests cover send.creates thread plugin behavior.
 import { ChannelType, MessageFlags, Routes } from "discord-api-types/v10";
+// Discord tests cover send.creates thread plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { loadWebMediaRaw } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/web-media";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { RateLimitError } from "./internal/discord.js";
@@ -45,12 +46,7 @@ type MockCallSource = {
   };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function mockArg(source: MockCallSource, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const call = source.mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/extensions/discord/src/send.sends-basic-channel-messages.test.ts b/extensions/discord/src/send.sends-basic-channel-messages.test.ts
index 8cb9a017bf19..67716ee29a28 100644
--- a/extensions/discord/src/send.sends-basic-channel-messages.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/discord/src/send.sends-basic-channel-messages.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Discord tests cover send.sends basic channel messages plugin behavior.
 import { ChannelType, MessageFlags, PermissionFlagsBits, Routes } from "discord-api-types/v10";
+// Discord tests cover send.sends basic channel messages plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { Container, TextDisplay } from "./internal/discord.js";
 import { discordWebMediaMockFactory, makeDiscordRest } from "./send.test-harness.js";
@@ -113,16 +114,7 @@ beforeEach(() => {
   clearDiscordDirectoryCacheForTest();
 });
 
-function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
-  return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
-}
-
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/bot.card-action.test.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/bot.card-action.test.ts
index f0756f0b0763..cbb4c56b7f8a 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/bot.card-action.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/bot.card-action.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Feishu tests cover bot.card action plugin behavior.
 import { createRuntimeEnv } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-runtime";
+// Feishu tests cover bot.card action plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
 import type { ClawdbotConfig, RuntimeEnv } from "../runtime-api.js";
 import { processedCardActions, resolvedCardActionChatTypes } from "./card-action-state.js";
@@ -133,12 +134,7 @@ describe("Feishu Card Action Handler", () => {
     return call[0];
   }
 
-  function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-    if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-      throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-    }
-    return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-  }
+  const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
   function handleMessageEvent(callIndex = 0) {
     const arg = requireRecord(
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/channel.test.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/channel.test.ts
index e3e3d3a464fa..246c3041c633 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/channel.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/channel.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Feishu tests cover channel plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../runtime-api.js";
 import { feishuPlugin } from "./channel.js";
@@ -82,12 +83,7 @@ function getDescribedActions(cfg: OpenClawConfig, accountId?: string): string[]
   return [...(feishuPlugin.actions?.describeMessageTool?.({ cfg, accountId })?.actions ?? [])];
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/docx.test.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/docx.test.ts
index d526d6312933..43dcd05a6490 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/docx.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/docx.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Feishu tests cover docx plugin behavior.
 import { mkdirSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Feishu tests cover docx plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { FEISHU_HTTP_TIMEOUT_MS } from "./client-timeout.js";
 import { createToolFactoryHarness, type ToolLike } from "./tool-factory-test-harness.js";
@@ -69,12 +70,7 @@ type ToolResultWithDetails = {
 
 const WORKSPACE_ROOT = path.resolve("/workspace");
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function callArg(mock: unknown, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const calls = (mock as { mock?: { calls?: Array<Array<unknown>> } }).mock?.calls ?? [];
diff --git a/extensions/file-transfer/src/shared/node-invoke-policy.test.ts b/extensions/file-transfer/src/shared/node-invoke-policy.test.ts
index d54753dd3e7d..36bbc306e422 100644
--- a/extensions/file-transfer/src/shared/node-invoke-policy.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/file-transfer/src/shared/node-invoke-policy.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// File Transfer tests cover node invoke policy plugin behavior.
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import { gzipSync } from "node:zlib";
 import type { OpenClawPluginNodeInvokePolicyContext } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-entry";
+// File Transfer tests cover node invoke policy plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { appendFileTransferAudit } from "./audit.js";
 import { createFileTransferNodeInvokePolicy } from "./node-invoke-policy.js";
@@ -128,12 +129,7 @@ function createCtx(overrides: {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/google-meet/index.create.test.ts b/extensions/google-meet/index.create.test.ts
index 48273c30958c..c73e6b6d6ab3 100644
--- a/extensions/google-meet/index.create.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/google-meet/index.create.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Google Meet tests cover index.create plugin behavior.
 import { Command } from "commander";
+// Google Meet tests cover index.create plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import plugin, { testing as googleMeetPluginTesting } from "./index.js";
 import { registerGoogleMeetCli } from "./src/cli.js";
@@ -137,12 +138,7 @@ async function runCreateMeetBrowserScript(params: { buttonText: string }) {
   return { button, result: scriptResult };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 type BrowserProxyBody = {
   fn?: string;
diff --git a/extensions/google-meet/index.test.ts b/extensions/google-meet/index.test.ts
index 12f409c546b8..46286909e291 100644
--- a/extensions/google-meet/index.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/google-meet/index.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Google Meet tests cover index plugin behavior.
 import { existsSync, mkdtempSync, readFileSync, rmSync } from "node:fs";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -22,6 +21,8 @@ import type {
   RealtimeVoiceBridge,
   RealtimeVoiceProviderPlugin,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/realtime-voice";
+// Google Meet tests cover index plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import plugin, { testing as googleMeetPluginTesting } from "./index.js";
 import { findGoogleMeetCalendarEvent, listGoogleMeetCalendarEvents } from "./src/calendar.js";
@@ -612,12 +613,7 @@ function createMockSessionRuntime(sessionStore: Record<string, unknown>) {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-capitalized");
 
 function mockCall(mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } }, callIndex = 0): unknown[] {
   const call = mock.mock.calls.at(callIndex);
diff --git a/extensions/google/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/google/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index 94a49f8c46a5..49f9ae4d4aed 100644
--- a/extensions/google/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/google/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Google tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
 import { mockPinnedHostnameResolution } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-env";
+import { oversizedJsonResponse } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const { createGoogleGenAIMock, downloadMock, generateVideosMock, getVideosOperationMock } =
@@ -94,39 +95,6 @@ function fetchInputUrl(fetchMock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, index: number): stri
   return input.url;
 }
 
-function oversizedJsonResponse(params: { chunkCount: number; chunkSize: number }): {
-  response: Response;
-  getReadCount: () => number;
-  wasCanceled: () => boolean;
-} {
-  const chunk = new Uint8Array(params.chunkSize);
-  let readCount = 0;
-  let canceled = false;
-  return {
-    response: new Response(
-      new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
-        pull(controller) {
-          if (readCount >= params.chunkCount) {
-            controller.close();
-            return;
-          }
-          readCount += 1;
-          controller.enqueue(chunk);
-        },
-        cancel() {
-          canceled = true;
-        },
-      }),
-      {
-        status: 200,
-        headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-      },
-    ),
-    getReadCount: () => readCount,
-    wasCanceled: () => canceled,
-  };
-}
-
 let ssrfMock: { mockRestore: () => void } | undefined;
 
 describe("google video generation provider", () => {
diff --git a/extensions/kilocode/provider-models.test.ts b/extensions/kilocode/provider-models.test.ts
index 82a88d321a44..780ff198f47a 100644
--- a/extensions/kilocode/provider-models.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/kilocode/provider-models.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Kilocode tests cover provider models plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const { fetchWithSsrFGuardMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
@@ -41,12 +42,7 @@ function requireModelById(
   return model;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireFirstMockCall(mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } }, label: string): unknown[] {
   const [call] = mock.mock.calls;
diff --git a/extensions/lmstudio/src/setup.test.ts b/extensions/lmstudio/src/setup.test.ts
index aba7c3af25ad..58ceea52a617 100644
--- a/extensions/lmstudio/src/setup.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/lmstudio/src/setup.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Lmstudio tests cover setup plugin behavior.
 import { createDeferred } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/extension-shared";
 import {
   createNonExitingRuntimeEnv,
@@ -17,7 +16,8 @@ import {
   type ProviderCatalogContext,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-setup";
 import type { WizardPrompter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/setup";
-import { isRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/string-coerce-runtime";
+// Lmstudio tests cover setup plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   LMSTUDIO_DEFAULT_API_KEY_ENV_VAR,
@@ -265,12 +265,7 @@ function createMethodBoundWizardPrompterHarness(values: WizardPromptValues = {})
   return { prompter: new MethodBoundWizardPrompter(), note, text };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/extensions/lmstudio/src/stream.test.ts b/extensions/lmstudio/src/stream.test.ts
index 3248c58047f5..b97e69029742 100644
--- a/extensions/lmstudio/src/stream.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/lmstudio/src/stream.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Lmstudio tests cover stream plugin behavior.
 import type { StreamFn } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
 import { createAssistantMessageEventStream } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/llm";
+// Lmstudio tests cover stream plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 let wrapLmstudioInferencePreload: typeof import("./stream.js").wrapLmstudioInferencePreload;
@@ -38,12 +39,7 @@ afterAll(() => {
 
 type StreamEvent = { type: string } & Record<string, unknown>;
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/lobster/src/lobster-runner.test.ts b/extensions/lobster/src/lobster-runner.test.ts
index 1802ea902ebb..c44fe38ef4d4 100644
--- a/extensions/lobster/src/lobster-runner.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/lobster/src/lobster-runner.test.ts
@@ -1,16 +1,12 @@
-// Lobster tests cover lobster runner plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Lobster tests cover lobster runner plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createEmbeddedLobsterRunner, resolveLobsterCwd } from "./lobster-runner.js";
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireFirstCallParam(calls: ReadonlyArray<readonly unknown[]>, label: string) {
   const call = calls[0];
diff --git a/extensions/lobster/src/lobster-tool.test.ts b/extensions/lobster/src/lobster-tool.test.ts
index d30c710edb9d..5bdae4274933 100644
--- a/extensions/lobster/src/lobster-tool.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/lobster/src/lobster-tool.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Lobster tests cover lobster tool plugin behavior.
 import { createTestPluginApi } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-api";
+// Lobster tests cover lobster tool plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawPluginApi, OpenClawPluginToolContext } from "../runtime-api.js";
 import { createLobsterTool } from "./lobster-tool.js";
@@ -30,12 +31,7 @@ function fakeCtx(overrides: Partial<OpenClawPluginToolContext> = {}): OpenClawPl
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 describe("lobster plugin tool", () => {
   it("returns the Lobster envelope in details", async () => {
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/client.test.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/client.test.ts
index b9c2e09a73e8..7525a4ad0c68 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/client.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/client.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Matrix tests cover client plugin behavior.
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Matrix tests cover client plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { installMatrixTestRuntime } from "../test-runtime.js";
 import type { CoreConfig } from "../types.js";
@@ -53,12 +54,7 @@ vi.mock("./client/logging.js", () => ({
   ensureMatrixSdkLoggingConfigured: authClientMocks.ensureMatrixSdkLoggingConfigured,
 }));
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/events.test.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/events.test.ts
index b495d3f32e38..40116160b020 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/events.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/events.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Matrix tests cover events plugin behavior.
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Matrix tests cover events plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { CoreConfig } from "../../types.js";
 import type { MatrixAuth } from "../client.js";
@@ -35,12 +36,7 @@ function expectBodiesExclude(bodies: string[], text: string) {
   expect(bodies.join("\n")).not.toContain(text);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/handler.test.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/handler.test.ts
index 12d0dae09055..289194fa7a58 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/handler.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/handler.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Matrix tests cover handler plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -14,6 +13,8 @@ import {
   sessionDeliveryOrigin,
   upsertSessionEntry,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/session-store-runtime";
+// Matrix tests cover handler plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { installMatrixMonitorTestRuntime } from "../../test-runtime.js";
 import { MATRIX_OPENCLAW_FINALIZED_PREVIEW_KEY } from "../send/types.js";
@@ -172,12 +173,7 @@ function createReactionHarness(params?: {
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): Array<unknown> {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), label).toBe(true);
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/handler.thread-root-media.test.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/handler.thread-root-media.test.ts
index 0bb893045604..7782be07523e 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/handler.thread-root-media.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/monitor/handler.thread-root-media.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Matrix tests cover handler.thread root media plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { installMatrixMonitorTestRuntime } from "../../test-runtime.js";
 import {
@@ -7,12 +8,7 @@ import {
   createMatrixTextMessageEvent,
 } from "./handler.test-helpers.js";
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function readFirstMockArg(fn: unknown): unknown {
   return (fn as { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } }).mock.calls.at(0)?.[0];
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/sdk.test.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/sdk.test.ts
index 12711e121f9a..dafcb97fbc60 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/sdk.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/sdk.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-// Matrix tests cover sdk plugin behavior.
-import "fake-indexeddb/auto";
 import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
+import "fake-indexeddb/auto";
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import { createRequire } from "node:module";
 import os from "node:os";
@@ -12,6 +11,8 @@ import { type MatrixEvent, MsgType } from "matrix-js-sdk/lib/matrix.js";
 import { EventStatus } from "matrix-js-sdk/lib/models/event-status.js";
 import { SyncApi, SyncState } from "matrix-js-sdk/lib/sync.js";
 import { resetPluginStateStoreForTests } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-state-test-runtime";
+// Matrix tests cover sdk plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { installMatrixTestRuntime } from "../test-runtime.js";
 import { readMatrixRecoveryKeyStateForPath } from "./crypto-state-store.js";
@@ -32,12 +33,7 @@ function requestUrl(input: RequestInfo | URL | undefined): string {
   return input.url;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/send.test.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/send.test.ts
index dc034251111e..2f6977ff0015 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/send.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/send.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Matrix tests cover send plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -6,6 +5,8 @@ import {
   resetPluginBlobStoreForTests,
   resetPluginStateStoreForTests,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-state-test-runtime";
+// Matrix tests cover send plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { PluginRuntime } from "../../runtime-api.js";
 import { setMatrixRuntime } from "../runtime.js";
@@ -165,12 +166,7 @@ function makeEncryptedMediaClient() {
   return result;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): Array<unknown> {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), label).toBe(true);
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/subagent-hooks.test.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/subagent-hooks.test.ts
index 94c262961c72..08a0eb6e8ea6 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/subagent-hooks.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/matrix/subagent-hooks.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Matrix tests cover subagent hooks plugin behavior.
 import type { OpenClawPluginApi as MatrixEntryPluginApi } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-entry-contract";
 import {
   getRequiredHookHandler,
   registerHookHandlersForTest,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-test-helpers";
+// Matrix tests cover subagent hooks plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { registerMatrixSubagentHooks } from "../../subagent-hooks-api.js";
 
@@ -158,12 +159,7 @@ function makeDeliveryResult(
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/moonshot/media-understanding-provider.test.ts b/extensions/moonshot/media-understanding-provider.test.ts
index 6a66987b41c3..c79aad559869 100644
--- a/extensions/moonshot/media-understanding-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/moonshot/media-understanding-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { oversizedJsonResponse } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 // Moonshot tests cover media understanding provider plugin behavior.
 import {
   createRequestCaptureJsonFetch,
@@ -18,39 +19,6 @@ async function describeVideo(
   return await handler(params);
 }
 
-function oversizedJsonResponse(params: { chunkCount: number; chunkSize: number }): {
-  response: Response;
-  getReadCount: () => number;
-  wasCanceled: () => boolean;
-} {
-  const chunk = new Uint8Array(params.chunkSize);
-  let readCount = 0;
-  let canceled = false;
-  return {
-    response: new Response(
-      new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
-        pull(controller) {
-          if (readCount >= params.chunkCount) {
-            controller.close();
-            return;
-          }
-          readCount += 1;
-          controller.enqueue(chunk);
-        },
-        cancel() {
-          canceled = true;
-        },
-      }),
-      {
-        status: 200,
-        headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-      },
-    ),
-    getReadCount: () => readCount,
-    wasCanceled: () => canceled,
-  };
-}
-
 describe("describeMoonshotVideo", () => {
   it("builds an OpenAI-compatible video request", async () => {
     const { fetchFn, getRequest } = createRequestCaptureJsonFetch({
diff --git a/extensions/ollama/index.test.ts b/extensions/ollama/index.test.ts
index 80737710623f..456a7baae2ae 100644
--- a/extensions/ollama/index.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/ollama/index.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Ollama tests cover index plugin behavior.
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
 import type { ProviderAuthMethod } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-entry";
 import { createTestPluginApi } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-api";
 import { clearLiveCatalogCacheForTests } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-catalog-shared";
+// Ollama tests cover index plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import plugin from "./index.js";
 import { OLLAMA_DEFAULT_API_KEY } from "./src/discovery-shared.js";
@@ -177,12 +178,7 @@ function createOllamaResetValidationContext(
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireConfiguredStreamParams(): Record<string, unknown> {
   return requireRecord(createConfiguredOllamaStreamFnMock.mock.calls[0]?.[0], "stream params");
diff --git a/extensions/ollama/src/stream-runtime.test.ts b/extensions/ollama/src/stream-runtime.test.ts
index 56ffab843ffe..750dd1b3e353 100644
--- a/extensions/ollama/src/stream-runtime.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/ollama/src/stream-runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Ollama tests cover stream runtime plugin behavior.
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Ollama tests cover stream runtime plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const { fetchWithSsrFGuardMock, ollamaStreamWarnMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
@@ -44,12 +45,7 @@ function requireEntry<T>(entries: readonly T[], index: number, context: string):
   return expectDefined(entries[index], context);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireOptionalRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> | undefined {
   return value === undefined ? undefined : requireRecord(value, "request options");
diff --git a/extensions/opencode-go/index.test.ts b/extensions/opencode-go/index.test.ts
index 29b65fd78ef1..e28e5bff5b48 100644
--- a/extensions/opencode-go/index.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/opencode-go/index.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Opencode Go tests cover index plugin behavior.
 import { clampThinkingLevel } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/llm";
 import type { ProviderRuntimeModel } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-entry";
 import {
@@ -8,6 +7,8 @@ import {
 import { NON_ENV_SECRETREF_MARKER } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-auth-runtime";
 import { clearLiveCatalogCacheForTests } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-catalog-live-runtime";
 import { expectPassthroughReplayPolicy } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
+// Opencode Go tests cover index plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import plugin from "./index.js";
 import manifest from "./openclaw.plugin.json" with { type: "json" };
@@ -17,12 +18,7 @@ import {
 } from "./provider-catalog.js";
 import opencodeGoProviderDiscovery from "./provider-discovery.js";
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireMapEntry<T>(map: Map<string, T>, id: string): T {
   const entry = map.get(id);
diff --git a/extensions/opencode/index.test.ts b/extensions/opencode/index.test.ts
index a184ae3d0a24..d8bb73f09ef2 100644
--- a/extensions/opencode/index.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/opencode/index.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Opencode tests cover index plugin behavior.
 import { readFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import type { ProviderRuntimeModel } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-entry";
 import {
@@ -9,17 +8,14 @@ import {
 import { NON_ENV_SECRETREF_MARKER } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-auth-runtime";
 import { clearLiveCatalogCacheForTests } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-catalog-live-runtime";
 import { expectPassthroughReplayPolicy } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
+// Opencode tests cover index plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import plugin from "./index.js";
 import manifest from "./openclaw.plugin.json" with { type: "json" };
 import { buildOpencodeZenLiveProviderConfig } from "./provider-catalog.js";
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireMapEntry<T>(map: Map<string, T>, id: string): T {
   const entry = map.get(id);
diff --git a/extensions/openrouter/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/openrouter/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index 9768ca527068..50cd3c0ec282 100644
--- a/extensions/openrouter/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/openrouter/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Openrouter tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
 import { clearLiveCatalogCacheForTests } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-catalog-shared";
 import {
   expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities,
   expectUnifiedModelCatalogEntries,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
+// Openrouter tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   buildOpenRouterVideoGenerationProvider,
@@ -142,12 +143,7 @@ function requireFetchCallHeaders(index: number): Headers {
   return new Headers(init.headers);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/pixverse/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/pixverse/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index a150559b49de..241bdeb767d1 100644
--- a/extensions/pixverse/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/pixverse/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 import {
   getProviderHttpMocks,
   installProviderHttpMockCleanup,
+  oversizedJsonResponse,
+  streamedJsonResponse,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks";
 import { expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
@@ -56,18 +58,6 @@ function pollFetchHeaders(callIndex: number): Headers | undefined {
   return (init as { headers?: Headers } | undefined)?.headers;
 }
 
-function streamedJsonResponse(payload: unknown): Response {
-  return new Response(
-    new ReadableStream({
-      start(controller) {
-        controller.enqueue(new TextEncoder().encode(JSON.stringify(payload)));
-        controller.close();
-      },
-    }),
-    { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
-  );
-}
-
 function mockPixVerseVideoSubmit(videoId = 123) {
   postJsonRequestMock.mockResolvedValue({
     response: streamedJsonResponse({
@@ -107,37 +97,6 @@ function mockPixVerseVideoTask(
   });
 }
 
-// Drives an unbounded JSON body (>16 MiB, no Content-Length) so the bounded
-// reader has to cancel the stream instead of buffering it all. A hard ceiling
-// guards the test from hanging if the reader ever fails to cancel.
-function oversizedJsonResponse(): {
-  response: Response;
-  state: { canceled: boolean; enqueuedBytes: number };
-} {
-  const state = { canceled: false, enqueuedBytes: 0 };
-  const chunk = 1024 * 1024;
-  const maxChunks = 64; // 64 MiB ceiling, 4x the 16 MiB cap.
-  let emitted = 0;
-  const response = new Response(
-    new ReadableStream({
-      pull(controller) {
-        if (emitted >= maxChunks) {
-          controller.close();
-          return;
-        }
-        emitted += 1;
-        state.enqueuedBytes += chunk;
-        controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array(chunk));
-      },
-      cancel() {
-        state.canceled = true;
-      },
-    }),
-    { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
-  );
-  return { response, state };
-}
-
 describe("pixverse video generation provider", () => {
   it("declares explicit mode capabilities", () => {
     expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities(buildPixVerseVideoGenerationProvider());
diff --git a/extensions/qa-lab/src/providers/mock-openai/server.test.ts b/extensions/qa-lab/src/providers/mock-openai/server.test.ts
index 9425f6293a0e..a0396391d1b8 100644
--- a/extensions/qa-lab/src/providers/mock-openai/server.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/qa-lab/src/providers/mock-openai/server.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Qa Lab tests cover server plugin behavior.
 import { once } from "node:events";
+// Qa Lab tests cover server plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { WebSocket } from "ws";
 import { readQaMockRequestCursor } from "../shared/debug-request-cursor.js";
@@ -216,12 +217,7 @@ function expectOpenAiStreamingResponsesText(server: MockServer, body: Record<str
   return expectStreamingResponsesText(server, { model: "gpt-5.6-luna", ...body });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/extensions/qwen/media-understanding-provider.test.ts b/extensions/qwen/media-understanding-provider.test.ts
index 1e9da36869fe..585d064c9680 100644
--- a/extensions/qwen/media-understanding-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/qwen/media-understanding-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { oversizedJsonResponse } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 // Qwen tests cover media understanding provider plugin behavior.
 import {
   createRequestCaptureJsonFetch,
@@ -23,39 +24,6 @@ describe("qwen media understanding provider", () => {
   });
 });
 
-function oversizedJsonResponse(params: { chunkCount: number; chunkSize: number }): {
-  response: Response;
-  getReadCount: () => number;
-  wasCanceled: () => boolean;
-} {
-  const chunk = new Uint8Array(params.chunkSize);
-  let readCount = 0;
-  let canceled = false;
-  return {
-    response: new Response(
-      new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
-        pull(controller) {
-          if (readCount >= params.chunkCount) {
-            controller.close();
-            return;
-          }
-          readCount += 1;
-          controller.enqueue(chunk);
-        },
-        cancel() {
-          canceled = true;
-        },
-      }),
-      {
-        status: 200,
-        headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-      },
-    ),
-    getReadCount: () => readCount,
-    wasCanceled: () => canceled,
-  };
-}
-
 describe("describeQwenVideo", () => {
   it("builds the expected OpenAI-compatible video payload", async () => {
     const { fetchFn, getRequest } = createRequestCaptureJsonFetch({
diff --git a/extensions/slack/src/action-runtime.test.ts b/extensions/slack/src/action-runtime.test.ts
index 78b2ebf1fdbb..e35d9efa8fdf 100644
--- a/extensions/slack/src/action-runtime.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/slack/src/action-runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Slack tests cover action runtime plugin behavior.
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
+// Slack tests cover action runtime plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { SlackActionContext } from "./action-runtime.js";
 import { handleSlackAction, slackActionRuntime } from "./action-runtime.js";
@@ -90,12 +91,7 @@ describe("handleSlackAction", () => {
     return { cfg, context, hasRepliedRef };
   }
 
-  function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-    if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-      throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-    }
-    return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-  }
+  const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
   function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
     expect(Array.isArray(value)).toBe(true);
diff --git a/extensions/slack/src/channel.test.ts b/extensions/slack/src/channel.test.ts
index 0f6608e05b3f..90fb12976d62 100644
--- a/extensions/slack/src/channel.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/slack/src/channel.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Slack tests cover channel plugin behavior.
 import { createRuntimeEnv } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-runtime";
+// Slack tests cover channel plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { slackPlugin } from "./channel.js";
 import { slackOutbound } from "./outbound-adapter.js";
@@ -147,12 +148,7 @@ function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/extensions/slack/src/monitor/events/interactions.test.ts b/extensions/slack/src/monitor/events/interactions.test.ts
index d05fb99fe726..9b2e3626621c 100644
--- a/extensions/slack/src/monitor/events/interactions.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/slack/src/monitor/events/interactions.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Slack tests cover interactions plugin behavior.
 import type { SlackShortcutMiddlewareArgs } from "@slack/bolt";
+// Slack tests cover interactions plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const enqueueSystemEventMock = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
@@ -347,12 +348,7 @@ function mockCallArg(mock: unknown, index: number, label: string, argIndex = 0):
   return call[argIndex];
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function hasLoneSurrogate(value: string): boolean {
   return Array.from(value).some((char) => {
diff --git a/extensions/slack/src/monitor/media.test.ts b/extensions/slack/src/monitor/media.test.ts
index 6228f67d4e96..ca0c396a49d0 100644
--- a/extensions/slack/src/monitor/media.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/slack/src/monitor/media.test.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
   type LookupFn,
   type SsrFPolicy,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/ssrf-runtime";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   resolveSlackAttachmentContent,
@@ -186,12 +187,7 @@ function requireMockCall(mock: unknown, index: number, label: string): unknown[]
   return call;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectFetchCalledWithUrl(mock: unknown, expectedUrl: string): void {
   expect(requireMockCall(mock, 0, "fetch")[0]).toBe(expectedUrl);
diff --git a/extensions/slack/src/monitor/message-handler/dispatch.preview-fallback.test.ts b/extensions/slack/src/monitor/message-handler/dispatch.preview-fallback.test.ts
index fbe4c63d95ca..14376664f143 100644
--- a/extensions/slack/src/monitor/message-handler/dispatch.preview-fallback.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/slack/src/monitor/message-handler/dispatch.preview-fallback.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Slack tests cover dispatch.preview fallback plugin behavior.
 import type { GetReplyOptions, ReplyPayload } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/reply-runtime";
+// Slack tests cover dispatch.preview fallback plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const FINAL_REPLY_TEXT = "final answer";
@@ -176,12 +177,7 @@ function requireCapturedItemEventHandler() {
   return handler;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/synology-chat/src/channel.integration.test.ts b/extensions/synology-chat/src/channel.integration.test.ts
index 9186838575a3..78e85e8abdab 100644
--- a/extensions/synology-chat/src/channel.integration.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/synology-chat/src/channel.integration.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Synology Chat tests cover channel.integration plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   buildChannelInboundEventContextMock,
@@ -25,12 +26,7 @@ function makeStartContext<T>(cfg: T, accountId: string, abortSignal: AbortSignal
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireMockCall<TArgs extends unknown[]>(
   mock: { mock: { calls: TArgs[] } },
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/action-runtime.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/action-runtime.test.ts
index ef1938740ecf..e039bd06802f 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/action-runtime.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/action-runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Telegram tests cover action runtime plugin behavior.
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
 import { resolveStorePath } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/session-store-runtime";
 import { captureEnv } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-env";
+// Telegram tests cover action runtime plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { createOpenClawTestState, type OpenClawTestState } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-state";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
@@ -256,12 +257,7 @@ type MockCallSource = {
   };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function mockCall(source: MockCallSource, callIndex: number, label: string) {
   const call = source.mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/bot-native-commands.session-meta.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/bot-native-commands.session-meta.test.ts
index 29a7cba6c95b..0e441dace180 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/bot-native-commands.session-meta.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/bot-native-commands.session-meta.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Telegram tests cover bot native commands.session meta plugin behavior.
 import { createChannelPartialDeliveryError } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-inbound";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
 import { getAgentScopedMediaLocalRoots } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/media-runtime";
@@ -6,6 +5,8 @@ import { resolveChunkMode } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/reply-dispatch-runtime";
 import { resolveThreadSessionKeys } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/routing";
 import type { ResolvedAgentRoute } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/routing";
 import type { SessionEntry } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/session-store-runtime";
+// Telegram tests cover bot native commands.session meta plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { TelegramNativeCommandDeps } from "./bot-native-command-deps.runtime.js";
 import {
@@ -575,12 +576,7 @@ function requireValue<T>(value: T | null | undefined, label: string): T {
   return value;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function firstMockArg(mockFn: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, label: string, callIndex = 0): unknown {
   const call = mockFn.mock.calls.at(callIndex);
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/bot.create-telegram-bot.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/bot.create-telegram-bot.test.ts
index e684f6f93312..3845d65b5e07 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/bot.create-telegram-bot.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/bot.create-telegram-bot.test.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import type {
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-state-runtime";
 import type { GetReplyOptions, MsgContext } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/reply-runtime";
 import { withEnvAsync } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-env";
-import { sanitizeTerminalText } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
+import { createRequireRecord, sanitizeTerminalText } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   createTelegramNativeCommandTestDeps,
@@ -386,12 +386,7 @@ function createDeferred<T = void>() {
   return { promise, resolve, reject };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/bot.media.downloads-media-file-path-no-file-download.e2e.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/bot.media.downloads-media-file-path-no-file-download.e2e.test.ts
index 97a9c59fd92a..d7d9941b1f8c 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/bot.media.downloads-media-file-path-no-file-download.e2e.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/bot.media.downloads-media-file-path-no-file-download.e2e.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Telegram tests cover bot.mediaownloads media file path no file download plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   readRemoteMediaBufferSpy,
@@ -39,12 +40,7 @@ function replyPayload(replySpy: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, index = 0): ReplyPaylo
   return payload as ReplyPayload;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record-short");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/bot.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/bot.test.ts
index e6b8e2a4e590..b2fa13b72967 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/bot.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/bot.test.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/session-store-runtime";
 import { appendSessionTranscriptMessageByIdentity } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/session-transcript-runtime";
 import { mockPinnedHostnameResolution } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-env";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { createOpenClawTestState, type OpenClawTestState } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-state";
 import {
   registerSessionBindingAdapter,
@@ -344,12 +345,7 @@ type MockCallSource = {
   };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), label).toBe(true);
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/bot/delivery.resolve-media-local.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/bot/delivery.resolve-media-local.test.ts
index 9ca61cd85790..3a6931db6a9f 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/bot/delivery.resolve-media-local.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/bot/delivery.resolve-media-local.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Telegram tests cover delivery.resolve media retry plugin behavior.
 import { GrammyError } from "grammy";
 import type { Message } from "grammy/types";
 import { sleepWithAbort } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/runtime-env";
+// Telegram tests cover delivery.resolve media retry plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { resolveMedia } from "./delivery.resolve-media.js";
 import type { TelegramContext } from "./types.js";
@@ -243,12 +244,7 @@ function requireResolvedMedia(
   return result;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/bot/delivery.resolve-media-retry.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/bot/delivery.resolve-media-retry.test.ts
index 66477ed5e43d..1b7e87d1b55c 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/bot/delivery.resolve-media-retry.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/bot/delivery.resolve-media-retry.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Telegram tests cover delivery.resolve media retry plugin behavior.
 import type { Message } from "grammy/types";
 import { sleepWithAbort } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/runtime-env";
+// Telegram tests cover delivery.resolve media retry plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { resolveMedia } from "./delivery.resolve-media.js";
 import type { TelegramContext } from "./types.js";
@@ -195,12 +196,7 @@ function requireResolvedMedia(
   return result;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/send.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/send.test.ts
index fb61baa2735b..d6e15de5d8fe 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/send.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/send.test.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   createPluginStateSyncKeyedStoreForTests,
   resetPluginStateStoreForTests,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-state-test-runtime";
-import { importFreshModule } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
+import { createRequireRecord, importFreshModule } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { markdownToTelegramHtml, telegramHtmlToPlainTextFallback } from "./format.js";
 import {
@@ -365,12 +365,7 @@ function requireString(value: unknown, label: string): string {
   return value;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectMediaSendCall(
   call: unknown[] | undefined,
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/webhook.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/webhook.test.ts
index fcc0674451cf..f58ccf5cf19f 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/webhook.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/webhook.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Telegram tests cover webhook plugin behavior.
 import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { once } from "node:events";
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
@@ -10,6 +9,8 @@ import {
   closeOpenClawStateDatabaseForTest,
   createChannelIngressQueueForTests as createChannelIngressQueue,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-state-test-runtime";
+// Telegram tests cover webhook plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { WEBHOOK_RATE_LIMIT_DEFAULTS } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/webhook-ingress";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { buildTelegramApprovalCallbackData } from "./approval-callback-data.js";
@@ -221,12 +222,7 @@ function resetTelegramWebhookMocks(): void {
 
 type MockCallReader = { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireMockCall(mock: unknown, index: number, label: string): unknown[] {
   const call = (mock as MockCallReader).mock.calls.at(index);
diff --git a/extensions/together/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/together/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index ba2ee7609b7f..0c469b0f372e 100644
--- a/extensions/together/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/together/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
-// Together tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
 import {
   getProviderHttpMocks,
   installProviderHttpMockCleanup,
+  oversizedJsonResponse,
+  requireFirstPostJsonRecordRequest as requireFirstPostJsonRequest,
+  streamedJsonResponse,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks";
 import { expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
+// Together tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const { postJsonRequestMock, fetchWithTimeoutMock } = getProviderHttpMocks();
@@ -16,20 +20,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 installProviderHttpMockCleanup();
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
-
-function requireFirstPostJsonRequest(label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  const [call] = postJsonRequestMock.mock.calls;
-  if (!call) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return requireRecord(call[0], label);
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function streamingResponse(params: {
   body: string;
@@ -48,49 +39,6 @@ function streamingResponse(params: {
   return new Response(stream, { headers: params.headers });
 }
 
-function streamedJsonResponse(payload: unknown): Response {
-  return new Response(
-    new ReadableStream({
-      start(controller) {
-        controller.enqueue(new TextEncoder().encode(JSON.stringify(payload)));
-        controller.close();
-      },
-    }),
-    { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
-  );
-}
-
-// Drives an unbounded JSON body (>16 MiB, no Content-Length) so the bounded
-// reader has to cancel the stream instead of buffering it all. A hard ceiling
-// guards the test from hanging if the reader ever fails to cancel.
-function oversizedJsonResponse(): {
-  response: Response;
-  state: { canceled: boolean; enqueuedBytes: number };
-} {
-  const state = { canceled: false, enqueuedBytes: 0 };
-  const chunk = 1024 * 1024;
-  const maxChunks = 64; // 64 MiB ceiling, 4x the 16 MiB cap.
-  let emitted = 0;
-  const response = new Response(
-    new ReadableStream({
-      pull(controller) {
-        if (emitted >= maxChunks) {
-          controller.close();
-          return;
-        }
-        emitted += 1;
-        state.enqueuedBytes += chunk;
-        controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array(chunk));
-      },
-      cancel() {
-        state.canceled = true;
-      },
-    }),
-    { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
-  );
-  return { response, state };
-}
-
 describe("together video generation provider", () => {
   it("declares explicit mode capabilities", () => {
     expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities(buildTogetherVideoGenerationProvider());
@@ -135,7 +83,7 @@ describe("together video generation provider", () => {
     });
 
     expect(postJsonRequestMock).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
-    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest("Together request");
+    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(postJsonRequestMock, "Together request");
     expect(request.url).toBe("https://api.together.xyz/v2/videos");
     const body = requireRecord(request.body, "Together request body");
     expect(body.model).toBe("Wan-AI/Wan2.2-T2V-A14B");
@@ -377,7 +325,7 @@ describe("together video generation provider", () => {
       },
     });
 
-    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest("Together request");
+    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(postJsonRequestMock, "Together request");
     expect(request.url).toBe("https://api.together.xyz/v2/videos");
   });
 
@@ -410,7 +358,7 @@ describe("together video generation provider", () => {
       cfg: {},
     });
 
-    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest("Together request");
+    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(postJsonRequestMock, "Together request");
     const body = requireRecord(request.body, "Together request body");
     expect(body).not.toHaveProperty("seconds");
   });
@@ -471,7 +419,7 @@ describe("together video generation provider", () => {
       ],
     });
 
-    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest("Together request");
+    const request = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(postJsonRequestMock, "Together request");
     const body = requireRecord(request.body, "Together request body");
     const media = requireRecord(body.media, "Together video media payload");
     expect(body.model).toBe("Wan-AI/Wan2.2-I2V-A14B");
diff --git a/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.notify.test.ts b/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.notify.test.ts
index 5b9a419fa198..1495d67cbe21 100644
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.notify.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.notify.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Voice Call tests cover manager.notify plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createManagerHarness, FakeProvider } from "./manager.test-harness.js";
 
@@ -77,12 +78,7 @@ function requireFirstPlayTtsCall(provider: FakeProvider) {
   return call;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireSingleStartListeningCall(provider: FakeProvider) {
   expect(provider.startListeningCalls).toHaveLength(1);
diff --git a/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.restore.test.ts b/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.restore.test.ts
index df48b4b898a3..9716ecd60634 100644
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.restore.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.restore.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Voice Call tests cover manager.restore plugin behavior.
 import type { OpenKeyedStoreOptions } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-state-runtime";
 import {
   createPluginStateSyncKeyedStoreForTests,
   resetPluginStateStoreForTests,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-state-test-runtime";
+// Voice Call tests cover manager.restore plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { VoiceCallConfigSchema } from "./config.js";
 import { CallManager } from "./manager.js";
@@ -46,12 +47,7 @@ function requireSingleActiveCall(manager: CallManager) {
   return activeCall;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireSingleHangupCall(provider: FakeProvider) {
   expect(provider.hangupCalls).toHaveLength(1);
diff --git a/extensions/voice-call/src/runtime.test.ts b/extensions/voice-call/src/runtime.test.ts
index f3c09fb42a95..86f418ae5112 100644
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/runtime.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Voice Call tests cover runtime plugin behavior.
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/core";
+// Voice Call tests cover runtime plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { VoiceCallConfig } from "./config.js";
 import type { CoreConfig } from "./core-bridge.js";
@@ -207,12 +208,7 @@ function createMockSessionRuntime(sessionStore: Record<string, unknown>) {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireRealtimeConsultToolHandler(): RealtimeConsultToolHandler {
   const registeredToolHandler = firstMockCall(
diff --git a/extensions/vydra/image-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/vydra/image-generation-provider.test.ts
index 0f66febad1e7..3f99ef939c14 100644
--- a/extensions/vydra/image-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/vydra/image-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { bufferedOversizedJsonResponse as oversizedJsonResponse } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 // Vydra tests cover image generation provider plugin behavior.
 import { installPinnedHostnameTestHooks } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-media-understanding";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
@@ -17,13 +18,6 @@ function fetchCall(fetchMock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, index = 0): [string, Req
   return call as [string, RequestInit];
 }
 
-function oversizedJsonResponse(): Response {
-  return new Response(Buffer.alloc(16 * 1024 * 1024 + 1, 0x20), {
-    status: 200,
-    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-  });
-}
-
 describe("vydra image-generation provider", () => {
   installPinnedHostnameTestHooks();
 
diff --git a/extensions/vydra/speech-provider.test.ts b/extensions/vydra/speech-provider.test.ts
index 8ae30b4b48a8..03f61032b84a 100644
--- a/extensions/vydra/speech-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/vydra/speech-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { bufferedOversizedJsonResponse as oversizedJsonResponse } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 // Vydra tests cover speech provider plugin behavior.
 import { installPinnedHostnameTestHooks } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-media-understanding";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
@@ -9,12 +10,6 @@ describe("vydra speech provider", () => {
   const provider = buildVydraSpeechProvider();
   const originalVydraApiKey = process.env.VYDRA_API_KEY;
 
-  const oversizedJsonResponse = () =>
-    new Response(Buffer.alloc(16 * 1024 * 1024 + 1, 0x20), {
-      status: 200,
-      headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-    });
-
   afterEach(() => {
     if (originalVydraApiKey === undefined) {
       delete process.env.VYDRA_API_KEY;
diff --git a/extensions/vydra/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/vydra/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index 3b014c45c6c1..d4455bf49192 100644
--- a/extensions/vydra/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/vydra/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Vydra tests cover video generation provider plugin behavior.
 import * as providerHttp from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-http";
 import { expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
+import { bufferedOversizedJsonResponse as oversizedJsonResponse } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { installPinnedHostnameTestHooks } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-media-understanding";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
@@ -19,13 +20,6 @@ function fetchCall(fetchMock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, index: number) {
   return call;
 }
 
-function oversizedJsonResponse(): Response {
-  return new Response(Buffer.alloc(16 * 1024 * 1024 + 1, 0x20), {
-    status: 200,
-    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-  });
-}
-
 describe("vydra video-generation provider", () => {
   installPinnedHostnameTestHooks();
 
diff --git a/extensions/whatsapp/src/auto-reply/deliver-reply.test.ts b/extensions/whatsapp/src/auto-reply/deliver-reply.test.ts
index 62c18836d04b..9055d00d2caf 100644
--- a/extensions/whatsapp/src/auto-reply/deliver-reply.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/whatsapp/src/auto-reply/deliver-reply.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Whatsapp tests cover deliver reply plugin behavior.
 import type { WAMessage } from "baileys";
 import {
   createChannelPartialDeliveryError,
@@ -8,6 +7,8 @@ import { listMessageReceiptPlatformIds } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-outbo
 import { PlatformMessageNotDispatchedError } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/error-runtime";
 import { MEDIA_FFMPEG_MAX_AUDIO_DURATION_SECS } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/media-runtime";
 import { logVerbose } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/runtime-env";
+// Whatsapp tests cover deliver reply plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createWebSendApi } from "../inbound/send-api.js";
 import { normalizeWhatsAppSendResult } from "../inbound/send-result.js";
@@ -110,12 +111,7 @@ function expectFirstSendMediaPayload(msg: AdmittedWebInboundMessage) {
   return requireRecord(mockCallArg(msg.platform.sendMedia, 0, 0, "sendMedia"), "sendMedia payload");
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function mockCallArg(mock: unknown, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const call = (mock as MockWithCalls).mock.calls.at(callIndex);
diff --git a/extensions/whatsapp/src/auto-reply/monitor/inbound-dispatch.test.ts b/extensions/whatsapp/src/auto-reply/monitor/inbound-dispatch.test.ts
index e95b486dce5a..f9637a569a8a 100644
--- a/extensions/whatsapp/src/auto-reply/monitor/inbound-dispatch.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/whatsapp/src/auto-reply/monitor/inbound-dispatch.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Whatsapp tests cover inbound dispatch plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
 import { createTestWebInboundMessage } from "../../inbound/test-message.test-helper.js";
 
@@ -423,12 +424,7 @@ function getCapturedReplyOptions() {
   return (capturedDispatchParams as CapturedDispatchParams)?.replyOptions;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/extensions/whatsapp/src/inbound/send-api.test.ts b/extensions/whatsapp/src/inbound/send-api.test.ts
index 32fd47335911..87ad469df26d 100644
--- a/extensions/whatsapp/src/inbound/send-api.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/whatsapp/src/inbound/send-api.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Whatsapp tests cover send api plugin behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -9,6 +8,8 @@ import {
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-inbound";
 import { listMessageReceiptPlatformIds } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-outbound";
 import { PlatformMessageNotDispatchedError } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/error-runtime";
+// Whatsapp tests cover send api plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { prepareWhatsAppOutboundMedia } from "../outbound-media-contract.js";
 import { resolveWhatsAppOutboundMentions } from "./outbound-mentions.js";
@@ -42,12 +43,7 @@ vi.mock("openclaw/plugin-sdk/media-runtime", async () => {
   };
 });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 type MockCallSource = {
   mock: {
diff --git a/extensions/xai/video-generation-provider.test.ts b/extensions/xai/video-generation-provider.test.ts
index 31a4313312ed..6899b600d331 100644
--- a/extensions/xai/video-generation-provider.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/xai/video-generation-provider.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 import {
   getProviderHttpMocks,
   installProviderHttpMockCleanup,
+  oversizedJsonResponse,
+  streamedJsonResponse,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks";
 import { expectExplicitVideoGenerationCapabilities } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-test-contracts";
 import type { VideoGenerationRequest } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/video-generation";
@@ -150,52 +152,6 @@ function streamedVideoResponse(bytes: string, contentType = "video/mp4"): Respon
   );
 }
 
-function streamedJsonResponse(payload: unknown): Response {
-  return new Response(
-    new ReadableStream({
-      start(controller) {
-        controller.enqueue(new TextEncoder().encode(JSON.stringify(payload)));
-        controller.close();
-      },
-    }),
-    { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
-  );
-}
-
-// Drives an unbounded JSON body (>16 MiB, no Content-Length) so the bounded
-// reader has to cancel the stream instead of buffering it all. The 1 MiB
-// chunks are emitted lazily on `pull`, and a hard ceiling guards the test from
-// hanging if the reader ever fails to cancel.
-function oversizedJsonResponse(): {
-  response: Response;
-  state: { canceled: boolean; enqueuedBytes: number };
-} {
-  const state = { canceled: false, enqueuedBytes: 0 };
-  const chunk = 1024 * 1024;
-  // 64 MiB ceiling: 4x the 16 MiB cap, so the bounded reader must cancel long
-  // before we run out of chunks.
-  const maxChunks = 64;
-  let emitted = 0;
-  const response = new Response(
-    new ReadableStream({
-      pull(controller) {
-        if (emitted >= maxChunks) {
-          controller.close();
-          return;
-        }
-        emitted += 1;
-        state.enqueuedBytes += chunk;
-        controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array(chunk));
-      },
-      cancel() {
-        state.canceled = true;
-      },
-    }),
-    { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
-  );
-  return { response, state };
-}
-
 describe("xai video generation provider", () => {
   it("declares explicit mode capabilities", () => {
     const provider = buildXaiVideoGenerationProvider();
diff --git a/extensions/zalouser/src/channel.sendpayload.test.ts b/extensions/zalouser/src/channel.sendpayload.test.ts
index 674bcf0672c5..a4c99e6071a0 100644
--- a/extensions/zalouser/src/channel.sendpayload.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/zalouser/src/channel.sendpayload.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Zalouser tests cover channel.sendpayload plugin behavior.
 import {
   installChannelOutboundPayloadContractSuite,
   primeChannelOutboundSendMock,
@@ -8,6 +7,8 @@ import {
   createMessageReceiptFromOutboundResults,
   verifyChannelMessageAdapterCapabilityProofs,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-outbound";
+// Zalouser tests cover channel.sendpayload plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import "./accounts.test-mocks.js";
 import "./zalo-js.test-mocks.js";
@@ -71,12 +72,7 @@ function requireZalouserMediaSender(
   return media;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireSendOptions(
   mockedSend: ReturnType<typeof vi.mocked<(typeof import("./send.js"))["sendMessageZalouser"]>>,
diff --git a/extensions/zalouser/src/monitor.account-scope.test.ts b/extensions/zalouser/src/monitor.account-scope.test.ts
index d35c5181ab68..fc3fd3a2edd5 100644
--- a/extensions/zalouser/src/monitor.account-scope.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/zalouser/src/monitor.account-scope.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Zalouser tests cover monitor.account scope plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig, PluginRuntime } from "../runtime-api.js";
 import "./monitor.send.test-mocks.js";
@@ -18,12 +19,7 @@ import { startZaloListenerMock } from "./zalo-js.test-mocks.js";
 type ZaloJsModule = typeof import("./zalo-js.js");
 type ListenerParams = Parameters<ZaloJsModule["startZaloListener"]>[0];
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 describe("zalouser monitor pairing account scoping", () => {
   it("scopes DM pairing-store reads and pairing requests to accountId", async () => {
diff --git a/extensions/zalouser/src/send.test.ts b/extensions/zalouser/src/send.test.ts
index 511ce6349e61..e9a9fd00f15f 100644
--- a/extensions/zalouser/src/send.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/zalouser/src/send.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Zalouser tests cover send plugin behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createZalouserSendReceipt } from "./send-receipt.js";
 import {
@@ -60,12 +61,7 @@ function sendFailure(error: string, threadId = "thread") {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/agents/agent-command.live-model-switch.test.ts b/src/agents/agent-command.live-model-switch.test.ts
index 332c9faeb2ba..78a18ec2e6cf 100644
--- a/src/agents/agent-command.live-model-switch.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/agent-command.live-model-switch.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /** Tests live model switching behavior in active agent command sessions. */
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { SessionEntry } from "../config/sessions.js";
 import { createUserTurnTranscriptRecorder } from "../sessions/user-turn-transcript.js";
@@ -757,12 +758,7 @@ function setupAcpSession(): void {
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/src/agents/agent-hooks/compaction-safeguard.test.ts b/src/agents/agent-hooks/compaction-safeguard.test.ts
index ee6594786713..9b3c23a9055c 100644
--- a/src/agents/agent-hooks/compaction-safeguard.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/agent-hooks/compaction-safeguard.test.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-/** Tests compaction safeguard summaries, quality audit, providers, and runtime settings. */
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { AgentMessage, StreamFn } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
 import type { ExtensionAPI, ExtensionContext } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-sessions";
 import { createAssistantMessageEventStream, type Model } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/llm";
+/** Tests compaction safeguard summaries, quality audit, providers, and runtime settings. */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../config/config.js";
 import {
@@ -230,12 +231,7 @@ function latestMockCallArg(
   return mockCallArg(mock, mock.mock.calls.length - 1, argIndex);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error("expected record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-record");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/src/agents/agent-tools.before-tool-call.e2e.test.ts b/src/agents/agent-tools.before-tool-call.e2e.test.ts
index ec18985e2a12..504239a9303d 100644
--- a/src/agents/agent-tools.before-tool-call.e2e.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/agent-tools.before-tool-call.e2e.test.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import fs from "node:fs/promises";
  */
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/types.openclaw.js";
 import { GatewayClientRequestError } from "../gateway/client.js";
@@ -344,12 +345,7 @@ describe("before_tool_call loop detection behavior", () => {
     return result;
   }
 
-  function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-    if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-      throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-    }
-    return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-  }
+  const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
   function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
     expect(Array.isArray(value)).toBe(true);
@@ -2018,12 +2014,7 @@ describe("before_tool_call requireApproval handling", () => {
   let hookRunner: TestHookRunner;
   const mockCallGateway = vi.mocked(callGatewayTool);
 
-  function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-    if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-      throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-    }
-    return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-  }
+  const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
   function requireHookCall(
     index: number,
diff --git a/src/agents/agent-tools.before-tool-call.embedded-mode.test.ts b/src/agents/agent-tools.before-tool-call.embedded-mode.test.ts
index 0aec19557073..219ec9603eff 100644
--- a/src/agents/agent-tools.before-tool-call.embedded-mode.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/agent-tools.before-tool-call.embedded-mode.test.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { clearRuntimeConfigSnapshot, setRuntimeConfigSnapshot } from "../config/config.js";
 import { setEmbeddedMode } from "../infra/embedded-mode.js";
@@ -50,12 +51,7 @@ vi.mock("../logging/subsystem.js", async (importOriginal) => {
 const mockGetGlobalHookRunner = vi.mocked(getGlobalHookRunner);
 const mockCallGatewayTool = vi.mocked(callGatewayTool);
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function requireApprovalRequestCall(label: string): {
   timeoutParams: Record<string, unknown>;
diff --git a/src/agents/auth-profiles/external-oauth.test.ts b/src/agents/auth-profiles/external-oauth.test.ts
index 46a99f9cd08a..570dea07a641 100644
--- a/src/agents/auth-profiles/external-oauth.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/auth-profiles/external-oauth.test.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  * Covers provider plugin profiles, external CLI scoped discovery, persistence
  * rules, and external CLI bootstrap policy.
  */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ProviderExternalAuthProfile } from "../../plugins/types.js";
 import { resolveAgentCredentialMapFromStore } from "../agent-auth-credentials.js";
@@ -46,12 +47,7 @@ function createUsableOAuthExpiry(): number {
   return Date.now() + 30 * 60 * 1000;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireProfile(store: AuthProfileStore, profileId: string): Record<string, unknown> {
   return requireRecord(store.profiles[profileId], profileId);
diff --git a/src/agents/bash-tools.exec-approval-followup.test.ts b/src/agents/bash-tools.exec-approval-followup.test.ts
index 0ebf93a0d2ff..9805e1e558d6 100644
--- a/src/agents/bash-tools.exec-approval-followup.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/bash-tools.exec-approval-followup.test.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  * Covers denied prompts, agent-session resume, wait handling, direct fallback,
  * and elevated runtime handoff routing.
  */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 vi.mock("./tools/gateway.js", () => ({
@@ -66,12 +67,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
   }
 });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function requireFirstMockCall(mock: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   const call = (mock as { mock?: { calls?: unknown[][] } }).mock?.calls?.[0];
diff --git a/src/agents/bash-tools.exec.approval-id.test.ts b/src/agents/bash-tools.exec.approval-id.test.ts
index 09fd0a40a673..821ef1b508db 100644
--- a/src/agents/bash-tools.exec.approval-id.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/bash-tools.exec.approval-id.test.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
+import crypto from "node:crypto";
+import fs from "node:fs/promises";
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
 /**
  * Exec approval id routing tests.
  * Covers approval registration ids, follow-up idempotency, and approved
  * node/gateway invocation behavior.
  */
-import crypto from "node:crypto";
-import fs from "node:fs/promises";
-import os from "node:os";
-import path from "node:path";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   loadExecApprovals,
@@ -378,12 +379,7 @@ function mockNoApprovalRouteRegistration() {
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   record: Record<string, unknown> | undefined,
diff --git a/src/agents/bash-tools.process.supervisor.test.ts b/src/agents/bash-tools.process.supervisor.test.ts
index c44e95f2b9c0..99d49531f438 100644
--- a/src/agents/bash-tools.process.supervisor.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/bash-tools.process.supervisor.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * Regression coverage for process-tool supervisor cancellation.
  * Verifies managed session cancellation, process-tree fallback, and registry state.
  */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const { supervisorMock } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
@@ -43,12 +44,7 @@ function createBackgroundSession(id: string, pid?: number) {
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectSessionState(sessionId: string, expected: { exited?: boolean }) {
   const session = requireRecord(getSession(sessionId), sessionId);
diff --git a/src/agents/cli-runner.reliability.test.ts b/src/agents/cli-runner.reliability.test.ts
index b3439dc9f746..29c2c420f7f1 100644
--- a/src/agents/cli-runner.reliability.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/cli-runner.reliability.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-/** Tests CLI runner reliability paths for hooks, transcripts, failover, and reply ops. */
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+/** Tests CLI runner reliability paths for hooks, transcripts, failover, and reply ops. */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createSolidPngBuffer } from "../../test/helpers/image-fixtures.js";
 import { useAutoCleanupTempDirTracker } from "../../test/helpers/temp-dir.js";
@@ -246,12 +247,7 @@ function buildPreparedContext(params?: {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function claudeInputStartedJson(data: string): string {
   const event = createClaudeInputStartedEvent(data);
diff --git a/src/agents/cli-runner/session-history.test.ts b/src/agents/cli-runner/session-history.test.ts
index 3bf3dc0f9d53..48e14b6b2f65 100644
--- a/src/agents/cli-runner/session-history.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/cli-runner/session-history.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Covers CLI session transcript loading and reseeding boundaries.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import fsp from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { CURRENT_SESSION_VERSION } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-sessions";
+// Covers CLI session transcript loading and reseeding boundaries.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { useAutoCleanupTempDirTracker } from "../../../test/helpers/temp-dir.js";
 import { withEnvAsync } from "../../test-utils/env.js";
@@ -82,12 +83,7 @@ function createOversizedSessionTranscript(rootDir: string, sessionId: string): s
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectMessageFields(value: unknown, expected: { role: string; content?: unknown }) {
   const message = requireRecord(value, "message");
diff --git a/src/agents/command/attempt-execution.cli.test.ts b/src/agents/command/attempt-execution.cli.test.ts
index 779626ec45c2..44c37253382c 100644
--- a/src/agents/command/attempt-execution.cli.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/command/attempt-execution.cli.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Covers CLI-backed attempt execution and session-binding persistence.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Covers CLI-backed attempt execution and session-binding persistence.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { SessionEntry } from "../../config/sessions.js";
 import {
@@ -471,12 +472,7 @@ async function readTranscriptEntries<T extends { type?: string; message?: unknow
   return entries;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner.run-embedded-agent.auth-profile-rotation.e2e.test.ts b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner.run-embedded-agent.auth-profile-rotation.e2e.test.ts
index 45e68cafcb18..ef576a14c6ab 100644
--- a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner.run-embedded-agent.auth-profile-rotation.e2e.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner.run-embedded-agent.auth-profile-rotation.e2e.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// End-to-end auth-profile rotation coverage for embedded runner retries.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { AssistantMessage } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/llm";
+// End-to-end auth-profile rotation coverage for embedded runner retries.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import { redactIdentifier } from "../logging/redact-identifier.js";
@@ -522,12 +523,7 @@ async function withAgentWorkspace<T>(
   }
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function requireLogRecord(
   records: ReadonlyArray<unknown>,
diff --git a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/context-engine-maintenance.test.ts b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/context-engine-maintenance.test.ts
index 88f412b0a84d..369da755784c 100644
--- a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/context-engine-maintenance.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/context-engine-maintenance.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Coverage for deferred context-engine maintenance and transcript rewrite hooks.
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ContextEngineRuntimeContext } from "../../context-engine/types.js";
 import { peekSystemEvents, resetSystemEventsForTest } from "../../infra/system-events.js";
@@ -80,12 +81,7 @@ async function waitForAssertion(
   }
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function firstMaintainParams(maintain: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } }): Record<string, unknown> {
   return requireRecord(maintain.mock.calls[0]?.[0], "maintain params");
diff --git a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.model-diagnostic-events.test.ts b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.model-diagnostic-events.test.ts
index b2d4b64db580..3414369c5d10 100644
--- a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.model-diagnostic-events.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.model-diagnostic-events.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Coverage for model-call diagnostic events around attempt stream functions.
 import { readFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 import type { StreamFn } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
+// Coverage for model-call diagnostic events around attempt stream functions.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { useAutoCleanupTempDirTracker } from "../../../../test/helpers/temp-dir.js";
 import {
@@ -88,12 +89,7 @@ function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-capitalized");
 
 function readRecordField(record: Record<string, unknown>, key: string, label: string) {
   const value = record[key];
diff --git a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.spawn-workspace.context-engine.test.ts b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.spawn-workspace.context-engine.test.ts
index 1f4fd8acb01b..a947b5561554 100644
--- a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.spawn-workspace.context-engine.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.spawn-workspace.context-engine.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Coverage for context-engine bootstrap, assembly, and turn finalization.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { AgentMessage } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
+// Coverage for context-engine bootstrap, assembly, and turn finalization.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { HEARTBEAT_TRANSCRIPT_PROMPT } from "../../../auto-reply/heartbeat.js";
 import {
@@ -80,12 +81,7 @@ async function readTrajectoryEvents(tempPaths: string[]): Promise<TrajectoryEven
   return hoisted.trajectoryEvents.filter((event) => event.workspaceDir === workspaceDir);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireRecords(value: unknown, label: string): Array<Record<string, unknown>> {
   expect(value, label).toBeInstanceOf(Array);
diff --git a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.tool-call-normalization.test.ts b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.tool-call-normalization.test.ts
index 53ff876395f6..d0300df9b910 100644
--- a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.tool-call-normalization.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/run/attempt.tool-call-normalization.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
 import type { AgentMessage } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   sanitizeOpenAIResponsesReplayForStream,
@@ -45,12 +46,7 @@ async function collectStreamEvents(stream: AsyncIterable<unknown>): Promise<unkn
   return events;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireAssistantMessage(message: AgentMessage | undefined): AssistantMessage {
   if (!message || message.role !== "assistant") {
diff --git a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/stream-resolution.test.ts b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/stream-resolution.test.ts
index 1f549f2334e5..d8248dc0a795 100644
--- a/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/stream-resolution.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/embedded-agent-runner/stream-resolution.test.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import * as providerTransportStream from "@openclaw/ai/transports";
 // Stream resolution tests cover how embedded runs choose provider, boundary,
 // native Codex, or custom stream functions and pass auth/cache/signal options.
 import type { StreamFn } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { bindStreamLlmRuntime } from "../../llm/model-runtime-binding.js";
 import { streamSimple } from "../../llm/stream.js";
@@ -77,14 +78,7 @@ function useNativeStreamFn(streamFn: StreamFn): StreamFn {
   return streamSimple as StreamFn;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  // Test streams return their options/context as plain records; fail early if a
-  // route returns an unexpected shape.
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 async function expectStreamResultRecord(
   result: ReturnType<StreamFn>,
diff --git a/src/agents/embedded-agent-subscribe.handlers.tools.test.ts b/src/agents/embedded-agent-subscribe.handlers.tools.test.ts
index 2ce907f98066..439499d8cbc6 100644
--- a/src/agents/embedded-agent-subscribe.handlers.tools.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/embedded-agent-subscribe.handlers.tools.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import type { AgentEvent } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
 // Tool handler tests cover tool lifecycle events, read-path diagnostics,
 // messaging tool capture, approvals, and emitted summaries.
-import type { AgentEvent } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   onAgentEvent as registerAgentEventListener,
@@ -247,10 +248,6 @@ function requireString(value: unknown, label: string): string {
   return value;
 }
 
-function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
-  return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
-}
-
 describe("update_plan progress events", () => {
   it("emits the typed full plan snapshot after a successful result", async () => {
     const { ctx, onAgentEvent } = createTestContext();
@@ -296,12 +293,7 @@ describe("update_plan progress events", () => {
   });
 });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(value: unknown, label: string, expected: Record<string, unknown>) {
   const record = requireRecord(value, label);
diff --git a/src/agents/harness/native-hook-relay.test.ts b/src/agents/harness/native-hook-relay.test.ts
index acec82f5fde7..707e79dd20f9 100644
--- a/src/agents/harness/native-hook-relay.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/harness/native-hook-relay.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Covers native hook relay registration, bridge invocation, and approval state.
 import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import { createServer, request as httpRequest } from "node:http";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Covers native hook relay registration, bridge invocation, and approval state.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { SessionEntry } from "../../config/sessions.js";
 import { replaceSessionEntry } from "../../config/sessions/session-accessor.js";
@@ -46,14 +47,7 @@ function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  // Relay bridge payloads cross a process boundary. Tests narrow unknown JSON
-  // before making assertions so malformed bridge responses fail clearly.
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-capitalized");
 
 function readRecordField(record: Record<string, unknown>, key: string, label: string) {
   const value = record[key];
diff --git a/src/agents/model-fallback.probe.test.ts b/src/agents/model-fallback.probe.test.ts
index 9e58b06223fb..a46084ac6b25 100644
--- a/src/agents/model-fallback.probe.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/model-fallback.probe.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Verifies fallback cooldown probe decisions and diagnostic records.
 import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Verifies fallback cooldown probe decisions and diagnostic records.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import { createDiagnosticLogRecordCapture } from "../logging/test-helpers/diagnostic-log-capture.js";
@@ -202,12 +203,7 @@ function expectPrimaryProbeSuccess(
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectRecordWithFields(
   records: Array<Record<string, unknown>>,
diff --git a/src/agents/model-fallback.test.ts b/src/agents/model-fallback.test.ts
index 6f48416f2280..283eee59bdfa 100644
--- a/src/agents/model-fallback.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/model-fallback.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Covers model fallback ordering, error classification, and auth cooldown behavior.
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Covers model fallback ordering, error classification, and auth cooldown behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { TranscriptNotContinuableError } from "../../packages/agent-core/src/errors.js";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
@@ -369,12 +370,7 @@ function setAuthRuntimeStore(agentDir: string | undefined, store: AuthProfileSto
   authRuntimeMock.setStore(agentDir, store);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function requireMockCall(
   mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } },
diff --git a/src/agents/openclaw-tools.camera.test.ts b/src/agents/openclaw-tools.camera.test.ts
index 8e686fab490f..8e45e7454a3c 100644
--- a/src/agents/openclaw-tools.camera.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/openclaw-tools.camera.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Verifies node camera/photo tool payloads, media URLs, and vision gating.
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
+// Verifies node camera/photo tool payloads, media URLs, and vision gating.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { cameraTempPath } from "../cli/nodes-camera.js";
 import {
@@ -77,12 +78,7 @@ async function executeNodes(
 type NodesToolResult = Awaited<ReturnType<typeof executeNodes>>;
 type GatewayMockResult = Record<string, unknown> | null | undefined;
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function expectInvokeParams(
   invokeParams: unknown,
diff --git a/src/agents/sandbox/ssh-backend.test.ts b/src/agents/sandbox/ssh-backend.test.ts
index 41e78dd4279c..9fd233101a5f 100644
--- a/src/agents/sandbox/ssh-backend.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/sandbox/ssh-backend.test.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import {
+  createRequireRecord,
   createSandboxBrowserConfig,
   createSandboxPruneConfig,
   createSandboxSshConfig,
@@ -74,12 +75,7 @@ function createSession() {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireMockRecordArg(mock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, callIndex: number, label: string) {
   return requireRecord(mock.mock.calls[callIndex]?.[0], label);
diff --git a/src/agents/sessions-spawn-hooks.test.ts b/src/agents/sessions-spawn-hooks.test.ts
index 666c1bff64fd..4a2debf73582 100644
--- a/src/agents/sessions-spawn-hooks.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/sessions-spawn-hooks.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Verifies sessions_spawn lifecycle hooks, binding cleanup, and gateway calls.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   createSubagentSpawnTestConfig,
@@ -71,12 +72,7 @@ function findGatewayRequest(method: string): GatewayRequest | undefined {
   return getGatewayRequests().find((request) => request.method === method);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectFields(value: unknown, expected: Record<string, unknown>, label = "object"): void {
   const record = requireRecord(value, label);
diff --git a/src/agents/subagent-registry.steer-restart.test.ts b/src/agents/subagent-registry.steer-restart.test.ts
index 39d7ec03226d..f08d13d298b2 100644
--- a/src/agents/subagent-registry.steer-restart.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/subagent-registry.steer-restart.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // commands while preserving lifecycle hooks and completion delivery.
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ContextEngine } from "../context-engine/types.js";
 import { getDetachedTaskLifecycleRuntime } from "../tasks/detached-task-runtime.js";
@@ -106,12 +107,7 @@ function countMatching<T>(items: readonly T[], predicate: (item: T) => boolean)
   return count;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function requireSubagentEndedHookCall(runId: string): {
   event: Record<string, unknown>;
diff --git a/src/agents/subagent-spawn.test.ts b/src/agents/subagent-spawn.test.ts
index 851a5c2df6d6..5c984eb7449c 100644
--- a/src/agents/subagent-spawn.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/subagent-spawn.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import os from "node:os";
 // Subagent spawn tests cover target policy, session patching, runtime model
 // persistence, registry registration, and lifecycle event emission.
-import os from "node:os";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/types.openclaw.js";
 import { resolveIncognitoOpenClawAgentSqlitePath } from "../state/openclaw-agent-db.paths.js";
@@ -52,12 +53,7 @@ function createConfigOverride(overrides?: Record<string, unknown>) {
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function gatewayRequestRecords(): Record<string, unknown>[] {
   // Gateway calls are the seam proof for spawn orchestration; assertions inspect
diff --git a/src/agents/tools/image-generate-tool.test.ts b/src/agents/tools/image-generate-tool.test.ts
index 57a465e9af6b..13f8c494b40b 100644
--- a/src/agents/tools/image-generate-tool.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/tools/image-generate-tool.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // image_generate tool tests cover provider/model selection, edit inputs,
 // background task handling, media saving, and duplicate-generation guards.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../config/types.openclaw.js";
 
@@ -192,12 +193,7 @@ function mockCallArg(
   return call[argIndex] as Record<string, unknown>;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 type ImageGenerateTool = NonNullable<ReturnType<typeof createImageGenerateTool>>;
 type ToolResult = Awaited<ReturnType<ImageGenerateTool["execute"]>>;
diff --git a/src/agents/tools/sessions-spawn-tool.test.ts b/src/agents/tools/sessions-spawn-tool.test.ts
index 407f832f78d2..0e2eea32b816 100644
--- a/src/agents/tools/sessions-spawn-tool.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/tools/sessions-spawn-tool.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import path from "node:path";
 // sessions_spawn tool tests cover model-visible schema gating, ACP/subagent
 // dispatch, and result details for spawned child sessions.
-import path from "node:path";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { upsertSessionEntry } from "../../config/sessions/session-accessor.js";
 import { withTempDir } from "../../test-helpers/temp-dir.js";
@@ -110,12 +111,7 @@ describe("sessions_spawn tool", () => {
     return property;
   }
 
-  function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-    if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-      throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-    }
-    return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-  }
+  const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
   function expectDetailFields(details: unknown, expected: Record<string, unknown>) {
     const record = requireRecord(details, "result details");
diff --git a/src/agents/tools/sessions.test.ts b/src/agents/tools/sessions.test.ts
index 9289390b8893..c89e0b6c720c 100644
--- a/src/agents/tools/sessions.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/tools/sessions.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Sessions tool tests cover list/send helpers, announce-target resolution,
-// and assistant-visible text sanitization.
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
 import { MAX_TIMER_TIMEOUT_MS } from "@openclaw/normalization-core/number-coercion";
+// Sessions tool tests cover list/send helpers, announce-target resolution,
+// and assistant-visible text sanitization.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ChannelMessagingAdapter } from "../../channels/plugins/types.public.js";
 import { clearRuntimeConfigSnapshot, setRuntimeConfigSnapshot } from "../../config/io.js";
@@ -109,12 +110,7 @@ const resolveSessionTargetStub: NonNullable<ChannelMessagingAdapter["resolveSess
   threadId,
 }) => (threadId ? `${kind}:${id}:thread:${threadId}` : `${kind}:${id}`);
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function requireDetails(result: { details?: unknown }, label = "result details") {
   return requireRecord(result.details, label);
diff --git a/src/agents/tools/tts-tool.test.ts b/src/agents/tools/tts-tool.test.ts
index 3f7fee8244fd..b273a83d5639 100644
--- a/src/agents/tools/tts-tool.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/tools/tts-tool.test.ts
@@ -2,18 +2,14 @@
 // timeout validation, and reply-directive defusing.
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import * as ttsRuntime from "../../tts/tts.js";
 import { createTtsTool } from "./tts-tool.js";
 
 let textToSpeechSpy: ReturnType<typeof vi.spyOn>;
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function latestTextToSpeechArgs(): Record<string, unknown> {
   // Speech runtime args are the public handoff between the model-facing tool
diff --git a/src/auto-reply/reply/agent-runner.misc.runreplyagent.test.ts b/src/auto-reply/reply/agent-runner.misc.runreplyagent.test.ts
index 6ff93914391b..d04d4e30a28b 100644
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/agent-runner.misc.runreplyagent.test.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/agent-runner.misc.runreplyagent.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Tests miscellaneous run-reply-agent behaviors and artifact output.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Tests miscellaneous run-reply-agent behaviors and artifact output.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { testing as cliBackendsTesting } from "../../agents/cli-backends.test-support.js";
 import {
@@ -242,12 +243,7 @@ type RunWithModelFallbackParams = {
   run: (provider: string, model: string) => Promise<unknown>;
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/src/auto-reply/reply/agent-runner.runreplyagent.e2e.test.ts b/src/auto-reply/reply/agent-runner.runreplyagent.e2e.test.ts
index fcb7deafa8c9..3e1f15fb0a11 100644
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/agent-runner.runreplyagent.e2e.test.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/agent-runner.runreplyagent.e2e.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// E2E tests for run-reply-agent execution and generated session artifacts.
 import { mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import { join } from "node:path";
+// E2E tests for run-reply-agent execution and generated session artifacts.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { useAutoCleanupTempDirTracker } from "../../../test/helpers/temp-dir.js";
 import { SessionWriteLockStaleError } from "../../agents/session-write-lock-error.js";
@@ -89,12 +90,7 @@ function countMatching<T>(items: readonly T[], predicate: (item: T) => boolean):
   return count;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function mockCallArgs(mock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, label: string, callIndex = 0): unknown[] {
   const call = mock.mock.calls[callIndex] as unknown[] | undefined;
diff --git a/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-approve.test.ts b/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-approve.test.ts
index ea0a64498a60..d0f3a67169d2 100644
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-approve.test.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-approve.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Tests approval command behavior for pending tool and execution requests.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type {
   ChannelApprovalCapability,
@@ -24,12 +25,7 @@ vi.mock("../../globals.js", () => ({
   logVerbose: vi.fn(),
 }));
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function approvalResolverRequest(callIndex = 0) {
   const call = resolveApprovalOverGatewayMock.mock.calls[callIndex] as unknown[] | undefined;
diff --git a/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-plugins.test.ts b/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-plugins.test.ts
index 783252885227..70c85ca6ab35 100644
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-plugins.test.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-plugins.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Tests plugin command install, listing, and config behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../config/config.js";
 import { handlePluginsCommand } from "./commands-plugins.js";
@@ -154,12 +155,7 @@ type MockCalls = {
   mock: { calls: unknown[][] };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function getNestedRecord(record: Record<string, unknown>, key: string, label: string) {
   return requireRecord(record[key], label);
diff --git a/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-reset-hooks.test.ts b/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-reset-hooks.test.ts
index 0192fe173216..3015190b48ef 100644
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-reset-hooks.test.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/commands-reset-hooks.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Tests reset hook emission and cleanup around reset commands.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import * as bootstrapCache from "../../agents/bootstrap-cache.js";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../config/config.js";
@@ -122,12 +123,7 @@ function mockCall(mock: unknown, index = 0): Array<unknown> {
   return call;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectObjectFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/src/auto-reply/reply/dispatch-acp.test.ts b/src/auto-reply/reply/dispatch-acp.test.ts
index 9f1c9e064f7c..75a3fff3c2b4 100644
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/dispatch-acp.test.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/dispatch-acp.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Tests ACP dispatch wiring, command bypass, and runtime event handling.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { detectMime } from "@openclaw/media-core/mime";
+// Tests ACP dispatch wiring, command bypass, and runtime event handling.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { MediaUnderstandingSkipError } from "../../../packages/media-understanding-common/src/errors.js";
 import { AcpRuntimeError } from "../../acp/runtime/errors.js";
@@ -268,12 +269,7 @@ const originalFetch = globalThis.fetch;
 type MockTtsReply = Awaited<ReturnType<typeof ttsMocks.maybeApplyTtsToPayload>>;
 type MockCallSource = { mock: { calls: Array<Array<unknown>> } };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function mockArg(source: MockCallSource, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, _label: string) {
   return source.mock.calls[callIndex]?.[argIndex];
diff --git a/src/auto-reply/reply/get-reply-inline-actions.skip-when-config-empty.test.ts b/src/auto-reply/reply/get-reply-inline-actions.skip-when-config-empty.test.ts
index d27b91d7904f..aafce452e2b3 100644
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/get-reply-inline-actions.skip-when-config-empty.test.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/get-reply-inline-actions.skip-when-config-empty.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Tests inline action skipping when channel config does not define actions.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Tests inline action skipping when channel config does not define actions.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { SessionEntry } from "../../config/sessions.js";
 import { replaceSessionEntry } from "../../config/sessions/session-accessor.js";
@@ -171,12 +172,7 @@ async function runInlineStatusAction(storePath?: string) {
   return { result, typing };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function mockObjectArg(mock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, label: string, callIndex = 0, argIndex = 0) {
   const call = mock.mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/src/channels/plugins/setup-helpers.test.ts b/src/channels/plugins/setup-helpers.test.ts
index 840c749e865a..a32f4c3aa6f2 100644
--- a/src/channels/plugins/setup-helpers.test.ts
+++ b/src/channels/plugins/setup-helpers.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Setup helper tests cover channel setup helper outputs and lifecycle cleanup.
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Setup helper tests cover channel setup helper outputs and lifecycle cleanup.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../config/config.js";
 import { resetPluginRuntimeStateForTest, setActivePluginRegistry } from "../../plugins/runtime.js";
@@ -22,12 +23,7 @@ function asConfig(value: unknown): OpenClawConfig {
   return value as OpenClawConfig;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function channelRecord(cfg: OpenClawConfig, channelKey: string): Record<string, unknown> {
   return requireRecord(cfg.channels?.[channelKey]);
diff --git a/src/cli/config-cli.test.ts b/src/cli/config-cli.test.ts
index a8a156c69018..42816b41f804 100644
--- a/src/cli/config-cli.test.ts
+++ b/src/cli/config-cli.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Config CLI tests cover config command registration, reads, writes, and output modes.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { Command } from "commander";
+// Config CLI tests cover config command registration, reads, writes, and output modes.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ConfigFileSnapshot, OpenClawConfig } from "../config/types.js";
 import type { PluginManifestRecord, PluginManifestRegistry } from "../plugins/manifest-registry.js";
@@ -471,12 +472,7 @@ function expectErrorIncludes(text: string) {
   expect(mockError.mock.calls.map((call) => String(call[0])).join("\n")).toContain(text);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireResolveSecretRefCall(index: number): [unknown, unknown] {
   const call = mockResolveSecretRefValue.mock.calls[index];
diff --git a/src/cli/devices-cli.test.ts b/src/cli/devices-cli.test.ts
index b0564582fe74..138f5c07fe7a 100644
--- a/src/cli/devices-cli.test.ts
+++ b/src/cli/devices-cli.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Devices CLI tests cover device command registration and output behavior.
 import { Command } from "commander";
+// Devices CLI tests cover device command registration and output behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { stripAnsi } from "../../packages/terminal-core/src/ansi.js";
 import { registerDevicesCli } from "./devices-cli.js";
@@ -168,12 +169,7 @@ function mockApprovedReplacement() {
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/cli/exec-approvals-cli.pending-resolve.test.ts b/src/cli/exec-approvals-cli.pending-resolve.test.ts
index fcdcd080031a..144ce2a80267 100644
--- a/src/cli/exec-approvals-cli.pending-resolve.test.ts
+++ b/src/cli/exec-approvals-cli.pending-resolve.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Pending and resolve CLI tests stay separate from policy-management coverage.
 import { Command } from "commander";
+// Pending and resolve CLI tests stay separate from policy-management coverage.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { registerExecApprovalsCli } from "./exec-approvals-cli.js";
 
@@ -30,12 +31,7 @@ const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => {
 
 const { callGatewayFromCli, defaultRuntime, runtimeErrors } = mocks;
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function firstMockArg(mock: { mock: { calls: ReadonlyArray<ReadonlyArray<unknown>> } }): unknown {
   const call = mock.mock.calls[0];
diff --git a/src/cli/exec-approvals-cli.test.ts b/src/cli/exec-approvals-cli.test.ts
index a6783a40c44e..0bd1eaf707a9 100644
--- a/src/cli/exec-approvals-cli.test.ts
+++ b/src/cli/exec-approvals-cli.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Exec approvals CLI tests cover approval command registration and output handling.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { Readable } from "node:stream";
 import { Command } from "commander";
+// Exec approvals CLI tests cover approval command registration and output handling.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { useAutoCleanupTempDirTracker } from "../../test/helpers/temp-dir.js";
 import { SESSION_EXEC_OVERRIDES_NOTE } from "../infra/exec-approvals-effective.js";
@@ -96,12 +97,7 @@ const localSnapshot = {
   file: { version: 1, agents: {} } as ExecApprovalsFile,
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/src/cli/program/message/helpers.test.ts b/src/cli/program/message/helpers.test.ts
index f171eabb317a..586e45c50e7f 100644
--- a/src/cli/program/message/helpers.test.ts
+++ b/src/cli/program/message/helpers.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Message program helper tests cover message command helper behavior and mocks.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const messageCommandMock = vi.fn(async () => {});
@@ -102,12 +103,7 @@ function expectNoAccountFieldInPassedOptions() {
   expect(passedOpts).not.toHaveProperty("account");
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectMessageCommandOptions(expected: Record<string, unknown>, callIndex = 0): void {
   const call = (messageCommandMock.mock.calls as unknown[][])[callIndex];
diff --git a/src/cli/program/register.status-health-sessions.test.ts b/src/cli/program/register.status-health-sessions.test.ts
index d4d5c3df3834..2ceaa553abbe 100644
--- a/src/cli/program/register.status-health-sessions.test.ts
+++ b/src/cli/program/register.status-health-sessions.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Register status/health/session tests cover status-related command registration.
 import { Command } from "commander";
+// Register status/health/session tests cover status-related command registration.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { registerStatusHealthSessionsCommands } from "./register.status-health-sessions.js";
 
@@ -59,12 +60,7 @@ type MockCalls = {
   mock: { calls: unknown[][] };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectCommandOptions(command: MockCalls, expected: Record<string, unknown>) {
   expect(command.mock.calls).toHaveLength(1);
diff --git a/src/commands/agent-via-gateway.test.ts b/src/commands/agent-via-gateway.test.ts
index 0a966df84661..738ad6c480b7 100644
--- a/src/commands/agent-via-gateway.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/agent-via-gateway.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Agent via gateway tests cover gateway-backed agent command dispatch and session loading.
 import { execFileSync } from "node:child_process";
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { MAX_TIMER_TIMEOUT_MS } from "@openclaw/normalization-core/number-coercion";
+// Agent via gateway tests cover gateway-backed agent command dispatch and session loading.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   configureExecutionIdentityAdmissionSink,
@@ -143,12 +144,7 @@ function requireFirstCallOrder(
   return order;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-short");
 
 function createSignalProcess() {
   type SignalName = "SIGINT" | "SIGTERM";
diff --git a/src/commands/channel-setup/plugin-install.test.ts b/src/commands/channel-setup/plugin-install.test.ts
index 4d7cd6c9ef46..a59ac7519f92 100644
--- a/src/commands/channel-setup/plugin-install.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/channel-setup/plugin-install.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 // Channel setup plugin install tests cover install decisions, registry reloads, scoped snapshots, and trust boundaries.
 import path from "node:path";
-import { bundledPluginRoot, bundledPluginRootAt } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
+import {
+  createRequireRecord,
+  bundledPluginRoot,
+  bundledPluginRootAt,
+} from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 vi.mock("node:fs", async () => {
@@ -314,12 +318,7 @@ function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/src/commands/channels.add.test.ts b/src/commands/channels.add.test.ts
index 01493481d306..2025d646c77d 100644
--- a/src/commands/channels.add.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/channels.add.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Channels add tests cover guided setup, plugin install paths, and channel account config writes.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { getBundledChannelSetupPlugin } from "../channels/plugins/bundled.js";
 import type { ChannelPluginCatalogEntry } from "../channels/plugins/catalog.js";
@@ -154,12 +155,7 @@ function listConfiguredAccountIds(
   return [];
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function mockArg(source: MockCallSource, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const call = source.mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/src/commands/channels.resolve.test.ts b/src/commands/channels.resolve.test.ts
index 5a11b32fd994..696ed7b1948c 100644
--- a/src/commands/channels.resolve.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/channels.resolve.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Channels resolve tests cover channel/account selection and command output for message routing.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { channelsResolveCommand } from "./channels/resolve.js";
 
@@ -54,12 +55,7 @@ vi.mock("../channels/plugins/index.js", () => ({
   getChannelPlugin: mocks.getChannelPlugin,
 }));
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function requireFirstMockArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } },
diff --git a/src/commands/channels/capabilities.test.ts b/src/commands/channels/capabilities.test.ts
index c034d1963a1f..498d0865b011 100644
--- a/src/commands/channels/capabilities.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/channels/capabilities.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Channels capabilities tests cover capability reporting, account selection, probes, and installable plugins.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { getChannelPlugin, listChannelPlugins } from "../../channels/plugins/index.js";
 import type { ChannelPlugin } from "../../channels/plugins/types.public.js";
@@ -71,12 +72,7 @@ function resetOutput() {
   errors.length = 0;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function requireFirstMockArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } },
diff --git a/src/commands/configure.wizard.test.ts b/src/commands/configure.wizard.test.ts
index 3b83aa877f0d..c02a956ef867 100644
--- a/src/commands/configure.wizard.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/configure.wizard.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Configure wizard tests cover guided setup routing across gateway, auth, channels, skills, and search.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import type { RuntimeEnv } from "../runtime.js";
@@ -261,12 +262,7 @@ function setupBaseWizardState(config: OpenClawConfig = {}) {
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function mockCallArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: ReadonlyArray<ReadonlyArray<unknown>> } },
diff --git a/src/commands/doctor-device-pairing.test.ts b/src/commands/doctor-device-pairing.test.ts
index 75071b46d646..b0f9df3013e0 100644
--- a/src/commands/doctor-device-pairing.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/doctor-device-pairing.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Doctor device pairing tests cover device-pairing checks, repair prompts, and diagnostics.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Doctor device pairing tests cover device-pairing checks, repair prompts, and diagnostics.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { storeDeviceAuthToken } from "../infra/device-auth-store.js";
 import {
@@ -52,12 +53,7 @@ function requireNoteTitle(callIndex = 0): unknown {
   return title;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-record-short");
 
 describe("noteDevicePairingHealth", () => {
   let collectDevicePairingHealthFindings: typeof import("./doctor-device-pairing.js").collectDevicePairingHealthFindings;
diff --git a/src/commands/doctor-gateway-services.test.ts b/src/commands/doctor-gateway-services.test.ts
index 1031e8963db2..a63eb12d7a51 100644
--- a/src/commands/doctor-gateway-services.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/doctor-gateway-services.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Doctor gateway service tests cover service audit diagnostics and duplicate gateway service reporting.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Doctor gateway service tests cover service audit diagnostics and duplicate gateway service reporting.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import { withEnvAsync } from "../test-utils/env.js";
@@ -308,12 +309,7 @@ function createGatewayCommand(entrypoint: string) {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function callArg(mock: { mock: { calls: Array<Array<unknown>> } }, index: number, label: string) {
   const call = mock.mock.calls[index];
diff --git a/src/commands/doctor/cron/index.test.ts b/src/commands/doctor/cron/index.test.ts
index a76c59061f51..d220dafaf2a0 100644
--- a/src/commands/doctor/cron/index.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/doctor/cron/index.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Doctor cron index tests cover cron doctor checks and repair entrypoints.
 import fsSync from "node:fs";
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Doctor cron index tests cover cron doctor checks and repair entrypoints.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../../config/config.js";
 import {
@@ -183,12 +184,7 @@ function requirePersistedJob(jobs: Array<Record<string, unknown>>, index: number
   return job;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function expectNoteContaining(message: string, title: string): void {
   expect(
diff --git a/src/commands/doctor/shared/plugin-registry-migration.test.ts b/src/commands/doctor/shared/plugin-registry-migration.test.ts
index 23bc0bee2cac..784cb3db7233 100644
--- a/src/commands/doctor/shared/plugin-registry-migration.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/doctor/shared/plugin-registry-migration.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Plugin registry migration tests cover doctor repair of persisted plugin registry state.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Plugin registry migration tests cover doctor repair of persisted plugin registry state.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { PluginCandidate } from "../../../plugins/discovery.js";
 import {
@@ -79,16 +80,7 @@ function createCurrentIndex(): InstalledPluginIndex {
   };
 }
 
-function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
-  return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
-}
-
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-capitalized");
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
     expect(record[key]).toEqual(value);
diff --git a/src/commands/gateway-status.test.ts b/src/commands/gateway-status.test.ts
index 256bd9b18346..d8efef4b559c 100644
--- a/src/commands/gateway-status.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/gateway-status.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Gateway status command tests cover probe targets, JSON/text output, SSH tunnels, and warnings.
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Gateway status command tests cover probe targets, JSON/text output, SSH tunnels, and warnings.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { GatewayProbeResult } from "../gateway/probe.js";
 import type { GatewayBonjourBeacon } from "../infra/bonjour-discovery.js";
@@ -325,12 +326,7 @@ async function runGatewayStatus(
   await gatewayStatusCommand(opts, asRuntimeEnv(runtime));
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireRecordArray(value: unknown, label: string): Array<Record<string, unknown>> {
   if (
diff --git a/src/commands/migrate/selection.test.ts b/src/commands/migrate/selection.test.ts
index b673fbabf3a9..9d4d122d3a6a 100644
--- a/src/commands/migrate/selection.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/migrate/selection.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Migration selection tests cover skill/plugin filtering, defaults, shortcuts, and skipped-item reasons.
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import type { MigrationItem, MigrationPlan } from "../../plugins/types.js";
 import { applyMigrationItemSelection } from "./item-selection.js";
@@ -154,12 +155,7 @@ function expectItemStatus(
   }
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function requireCodexPluginConfigPlugins(item: MigrationItem): Record<string, unknown> {
   const details = requireRecord(item.details, "config details");
diff --git a/src/commands/model-picker.test.ts b/src/commands/model-picker.test.ts
index f9bcd01611a8..251d35f0de65 100644
--- a/src/commands/model-picker.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/model-picker.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Model picker tests cover catalog rows, provider metadata, backend defaults, and prompt choices.
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { NormalizedModelCatalogRow } from "@openclaw/model-catalog-core/model-catalog-types";
+// Model picker tests cover catalog rows, provider metadata, backend defaults, and prompt choices.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { testing as cliBackendsTesting } from "../agents/cli-backends.test-support.js";
 import type { ModelCatalogEntry } from "../agents/model-catalog.js";
@@ -302,12 +303,7 @@ type PickerOption = Record<string, unknown> & {
   value: string;
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function mockArg(source: MockCallSource, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const call = source.mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/src/commands/models/list.status.test.ts b/src/commands/models/list.status.test.ts
index 954b4e2b7534..5dba576987b2 100644
--- a/src/commands/models/list.status.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/models/list.status.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Model list status tests cover status column construction and auth/probe summaries.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, type Mock, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   getCurrentPluginMetadataSnapshot,
@@ -349,12 +350,7 @@ function parseFirstJsonLog(runtimeLike: { log: Mock }) {
   return JSON.parse(String(runtimeLike.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0]));
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/commands/onboard-auth.test.ts b/src/commands/onboard-auth.test.ts
index 936792072fa9..97ccebdc6304 100644
--- a/src/commands/onboard-auth.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/onboard-auth.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Onboard auth tests cover provider auth setup, credential persistence, and auth-profile state.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Onboard auth tests cover provider auth setup, credential persistence, and auth-profile state.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OAuthCredentials } from "../llm/utils/oauth/types.js";
 import {
@@ -97,12 +98,7 @@ vi.mock("../secrets/provider-env-vars.js", () => ({
   }),
 }));
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectFields(value: unknown, expected: Record<string, unknown>, label = "record") {
   const record = requireRecord(value, label);
diff --git a/src/cron/isolated-agent/delivery-dispatch.double-announce.test.ts b/src/cron/isolated-agent/delivery-dispatch.double-announce.test.ts
index 92c681464198..7b259b1a918c 100644
--- a/src/cron/isolated-agent/delivery-dispatch.double-announce.test.ts
+++ b/src/cron/isolated-agent/delivery-dispatch.double-announce.test.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
  * returning so the timer correctly skips the system-event fallback.
  */
 
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { SILENT_REPLY_TOKEN } from "../../auto-reply/tokens.js";
 import * as deliveryQueueSqlite from "../../infra/delivery-queue-sqlite.js";
@@ -267,12 +268,7 @@ function makeBaseParams(overrides: {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function outboundDeliveryCall(callIndex = 0) {
   const call = vi.mocked(deliverOutboundPayloads).mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.cron-model-override-forwarding.test.ts b/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.cron-model-override-forwarding.test.ts
index d88429832e79..9fe04ae892eb 100644
--- a/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.cron-model-override-forwarding.test.ts
+++ b/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.cron-model-override-forwarding.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Cron model override forwarding tests cover passing overrides into agent runs.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import {
   clearCliSessionMock,
@@ -111,12 +112,7 @@ function createDeferred<T = void>() {
   return { promise, resolve, reject };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function firstMockArg(mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } }): Record<string, unknown> {
   return requireRecord(mock.mock.calls[0]?.[0]);
diff --git a/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.message-tool-policy.test.ts b/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.message-tool-policy.test.ts
index 54b268d1efc8..dc6d688b77db 100644
--- a/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.message-tool-policy.test.ts
+++ b/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.message-tool-policy.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Message tool policy tests cover message tool availability during cron runs.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { createSourceDeliveryPlan } from "../../infra/outbound/source-delivery-plan.js";
 import type { SkillSnapshot } from "../../skills/types.js";
@@ -119,12 +120,7 @@ function mockPendingMessagePresentationWarningOutcome() {
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.skill-filter.test.ts b/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.skill-filter.test.ts
index d24f4b46f00c..cff28e765b1b 100644
--- a/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.skill-filter.test.ts
+++ b/src/cron/isolated-agent/run.skill-filter.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Skill filter tests cover active skill selection for isolated cron runs.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { makeIsolatedAgentJobFixture, makeIsolatedAgentParamsFixture } from "./job-fixtures.js";
 import { setupRunCronIsolatedAgentTurnSuite } from "./run.suite-helpers.js";
@@ -22,12 +23,7 @@ import {
 
 const runCronIsolatedAgentTurn = await loadRunCronIsolatedAgentTurn();
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function getMockCallArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: readonly unknown[][] } },
diff --git a/src/cron/service/timer.timeout-watchdog.test.ts b/src/cron/service/timer.timeout-watchdog.test.ts
index cc2c0665797d..448b03090a07 100644
--- a/src/cron/service/timer.timeout-watchdog.test.ts
+++ b/src/cron/service/timer.timeout-watchdog.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Integration regressions for cron execution timeouts and setup watchdogs.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   createDeferred,
@@ -30,12 +31,7 @@ function requireJob(state: { store?: { jobs?: CronJob[] } | null }, id: string):
   return job;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function firstMockArg(mock: unknown): unknown {
   const calls = (mock as { mock: { calls: readonly (readonly unknown[])[] } }).mock.calls;
diff --git a/src/cron/store.test.ts b/src/cron/store.test.ts
index f2789e7205e9..eb0677f427c0 100644
--- a/src/cron/store.test.ts
+++ b/src/cron/store.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Cron store tests cover persisted scheduled job state and run metadata.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Cron store tests cover persisted scheduled job state and run metadata.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { loadLegacyCronQuarantineForMigration } from "../commands/doctor/cron/legacy-quarantine-migration.js";
 import {
@@ -79,12 +80,7 @@ async function expectPathMissing(targetPath: string): Promise<void> {
   throw new Error(`expected path to be missing: ${targetPath}`);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 describe("resolveCronStorePath", () => {
   const envSnapshot = captureEnv(["OPENCLAW_HOME", "HOME"]);
diff --git a/src/gateway/client.test.ts b/src/gateway/client.test.ts
index e3b6c3062d99..a474f098aa54 100644
--- a/src/gateway/client.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/client.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Gateway client tests cover WebSocket protocol negotiation, auth persistence,
-// proxy bypass setup, command dispatch, reconnect, and error handling.
 import { Buffer } from "node:buffer";
 import { generateKeyPairSync } from "node:crypto";
+// Gateway client tests cover WebSocket protocol negotiation, auth persistence,
+// proxy bypass setup, command dispatch, reconnect, and error handling.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   MIN_CLIENT_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
@@ -222,12 +223,7 @@ function getLatestWs(): MockWebSocket {
   return ws;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/src/gateway/server-chat.agent-events.test.ts b/src/gateway/server-chat.agent-events.test.ts
index 591d5ab150b9..37511b5e0f69 100644
--- a/src/gateway/server-chat.agent-events.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-chat.agent-events.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // session lifecycle persistence, and subscriber registry behavior.
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   INTERNAL_RUNTIME_CONTEXT_BEGIN,
@@ -364,12 +365,7 @@ describe("agent event handler", () => {
     return call;
   }
 
-  function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-    if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-      throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-    }
-    return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-  }
+  const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
   function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
     for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/gateway/server-cron-notifications.test.ts b/src/gateway/server-cron-notifications.test.ts
index d32596aa71aa..f2bc7cad29f8 100644
--- a/src/gateway/server-cron-notifications.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-cron-notifications.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Cron notification tests protect completion-delivery warning behavior,
 // including URL redaction for invalid webhook destinations.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { CliDeps } from "../cli/deps.types.js";
 import { makeCronJob } from "../cron/delivery.test-helpers.js";
@@ -44,12 +45,7 @@ function waitForFast(assertion: () => void | Promise<void>) {
   return vi.waitFor(assertion, { interval: 1 });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function webhookRequestBody() {
   const call = (mocks.fetchWithSsrFGuard.mock.calls as unknown[][])[0];
diff --git a/src/gateway/server-cron.test.ts b/src/gateway/server-cron.test.ts
index 5ec19ec7d151..49e8ab8a7ea0 100644
--- a/src/gateway/server-cron.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-cron.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Gateway cron tests cover isolated agent turns, heartbeat wakeups, completion
-// delivery, lifecycle cleanup, hook emission, and SSRF-guarded webhooks.
 import { createServer } from "node:http";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Gateway cron tests cover isolated agent turns, heartbeat wakeups, completion
+// delivery, lifecycle cleanup, hook emission, and SSRF-guarded webhooks.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { AgentDeletionCommitUncertainError } from "../agents/agent-lifecycle-registry.js";
 import type { CliDeps } from "../cli/deps.js";
@@ -255,12 +256,7 @@ function createCronConfig(name: string): OpenClawConfig {
   } as OpenClawConfig;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function callArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: Array<Array<unknown>> } },
diff --git a/src/gateway/server-methods/cron.validation.test.ts b/src/gateway/server-methods/cron.validation.test.ts
index c7e7d9677e07..a7029b021eb3 100644
--- a/src/gateway/server-methods/cron.validation.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-methods/cron.validation.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // prefixes/aliases and runtime config for cron delivery destinations.
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ChannelPlugin } from "../../channels/plugins/types.public.js";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../config/types.openclaw.js";
@@ -441,12 +442,7 @@ function expectCronReadSuccess(respond: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, job: CronJob):
   );
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireCronAddPayload(
   context: ReturnType<typeof createCronContext>,
diff --git a/src/gateway/server-methods/models-auth-status.test.ts b/src/gateway/server-methods/models-auth-status.test.ts
index 439423398f6a..c232abe979ea 100644
--- a/src/gateway/server-methods/models-auth-status.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-methods/models-auth-status.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // credential cleanup, secret refresh, and provider run abort side effects.
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { AuthHealthSummary } from "../../agents/auth-health.js";
 import type { AuthProfileStore } from "../../agents/auth-profiles.js";
@@ -193,12 +194,7 @@ function createLogoutOptions(
   } as unknown as GatewayRequestHandlerOptions & { respond: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn> };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function firstRespondCall(
   opts: GatewayRequestHandlerOptions & { respond: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn> },
diff --git a/src/gateway/server-methods/plugin-approval.test.ts b/src/gateway/server-methods/plugin-approval.test.ts
index aaca115e4c23..dcb3a42b75d1 100644
--- a/src/gateway/server-methods/plugin-approval.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-methods/plugin-approval.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // requester visibility, broadcast behavior, and approval manager integration.
 
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { PluginApprovalRequestPayload } from "../../infra/plugin-approvals.js";
 import { ExecApprovalManager } from "../exec-approval-manager.js";
@@ -84,12 +85,7 @@ type MockCallSource = {
   };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), label).toBe(true);
diff --git a/src/gateway/server-plugins.test.ts b/src/gateway/server-plugins.test.ts
index 3fb5c8371b95..2f1be2237700 100644
--- a/src/gateway/server-plugins.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-plugins.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Gateway plugin tests cover plugin loading, auto-enable, runtime registry setup,
 // request-scope injection, diagnostics, and handler dispatch integration.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, test, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   getGlobalPluginRegistry,
@@ -206,12 +207,7 @@ function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-capitalized");
 
 function getLastMockFirstArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: ReadonlyArray<ReadonlyArray<unknown>> } },
diff --git a/src/gateway/session-message-events.test.ts b/src/gateway/session-message-events.test.ts
index 3631eaf688ee..aa56f2e5a5fb 100644
--- a/src/gateway/session-message-events.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/session-message-events.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-/**
- * Session message event indexing and broadcast tests.
- */
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+/**
+ * Session message event indexing and broadcast tests.
+ */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, describe, expect, test, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { RawData } from "ws";
 import {
@@ -164,12 +165,7 @@ async function expectNoMessageWithin(params: {
   await expect(received).resolves.toBe(false);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(value: unknown, expected: Record<string, unknown>): void {
   const record = requireRecord(value, "record");
diff --git a/src/gateway/session-utils.fs.test.ts b/src/gateway/session-utils.fs.test.ts
index e7f1707dc23a..cda0acbeab4d 100644
--- a/src/gateway/session-utils.fs.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/session-utils.fs.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-// Session filesystem utility tests cover transcript reading, usage extraction,
-// preview rows, message counts, title fields, and archive candidate resolution.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { SessionManager } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-sessions";
+// Session filesystem utility tests cover transcript reading, usage extraction,
+// preview rows, message counts, title fields, and archive candidate resolution.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, test, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createNoisyPngBuffer } from "../../test/helpers/image-fixtures.js";
 import {
@@ -221,12 +222,7 @@ function appendBlockedUserMessage(
   return messageId;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function expectMessageContents(messages: unknown[], expected: unknown[]) {
   expect(messages.map((message) => requireRecord(message, "message").content)).toEqual(expected);
diff --git a/src/gateway/talk-handoff.test.ts b/src/gateway/talk-handoff.test.ts
index 42262cf98750..1df4f3582eb0 100644
--- a/src/gateway/talk-handoff.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/talk-handoff.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * Tests talk handoff coordination between gateway sessions and realtime state.
  */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   cancelTalkHandoffTurn,
@@ -12,12 +13,7 @@ import {
   startTalkHandoffTurn,
 } from "./talk-handoff.js";
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/src/infra/approval-native-runtime.test.ts b/src/infra/approval-native-runtime.test.ts
index 442bac22439e..3d7bf123ff2f 100644
--- a/src/infra/approval-native-runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/approval-native-runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Covers native approval runtime delivery and resolution.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ChannelApprovalNativeAdapter } from "../channels/plugins/types.adapters.js";
 import {
@@ -62,12 +63,7 @@ afterEach(async () => {
   vi.useRealTimers();
 });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function mockCallArg(mock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, index = 0): Record<string, unknown> {
   const arg = mock.mock.calls[index]?.[0];
diff --git a/src/infra/device-pairing.test.ts b/src/infra/device-pairing.test.ts
index 430250cb9e3d..28fcb557d497 100644
--- a/src/infra/device-pairing.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/device-pairing.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Covers device pairing, token, and role lifecycle behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, test } from "vitest";
 import {
   FULL_ACCESS_PAIRING_SETUP_BOOTSTRAP_PROFILE,
@@ -117,16 +118,7 @@ function requireValue<T>(value: T | null | undefined, message: string): T {
   return value;
 }
 
-function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
-  return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
-}
-
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, message: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(message);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "message");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/src/infra/exec-approval-forwarder.test.ts b/src/infra/exec-approval-forwarder.test.ts
index 752672d95d31..026ebd71446c 100644
--- a/src/infra/exec-approval-forwarder.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/exec-approval-forwarder.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Covers exec approval forwarding to channel plugins.
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Covers exec approval forwarding to channel plugins.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ReplyPayload } from "../auto-reply/types.js";
 import type { ChannelPlugin } from "../channels/plugins/types.public.js";
@@ -215,12 +216,7 @@ function getFirstDeliveryText(deliver: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>): string {
   return firstCall.payloads?.[0]?.text ?? "";
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireFirstCallArg(
   mock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>,
diff --git a/src/infra/gateway-watch-tmux.test.ts b/src/infra/gateway-watch-tmux.test.ts
index 6380990af528..9b59d6481a57 100644
--- a/src/infra/gateway-watch-tmux.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/gateway-watch-tmux.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Covers gateway watch tmux script helpers.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   buildGatewayWatchTmuxCommand,
@@ -19,12 +20,7 @@ const createOutput = () => {
   };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function spawnCall(mock: unknown, callIndex: number) {
   const calls = (mock as { mock?: { calls?: Array<Array<unknown>> } }).mock?.calls ?? [];
diff --git a/src/infra/heartbeat-runner.returns-default-unset.test.ts b/src/infra/heartbeat-runner.returns-default-unset.test.ts
index 7434857afd7c..f25e753a2974 100644
--- a/src/infra/heartbeat-runner.returns-default-unset.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/heartbeat-runner.returns-default-unset.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Tests heartbeat runner behavior when defaults are unset.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Tests heartbeat runner behavior when defaults are unset.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { HEARTBEAT_PROMPT } from "../auto-reply/heartbeat.js";
 import type { ChannelOutboundAdapter } from "../channels/plugins/types.public.js";
@@ -173,12 +174,7 @@ const createCaseDir = async (prefix: string) => {
   return dir;
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/infra/net/fetch-guard.ssrf.test.ts b/src/infra/net/fetch-guard.ssrf.test.ts
index 2a01e59db082..22a57b90ec8f 100644
--- a/src/infra/net/fetch-guard.ssrf.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/net/fetch-guard.ssrf.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Guarded fetch SSRF tests cover redirect hardening, pinned dispatcher setup,
 // trusted proxy modes, and safe header retention.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   fetchConfiguredLocalOriginWithSsrFGuard,
@@ -120,12 +121,7 @@ function getSecondRequestHeaders(fetchImpl: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>): Headers {
   return new Headers(secondInit.headers);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function getFirstRequestInit(fetchImpl: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>): RequestInit {
   const [call] = fetchImpl.mock.calls;
diff --git a/src/infra/net/ssrf.dispatcher.test.ts b/src/infra/net/ssrf.dispatcher.test.ts
index d77f63b7f2f3..e0ea889798d2 100644
--- a/src/infra/net/ssrf.dispatcher.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/net/ssrf.dispatcher.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Pinned dispatcher tests cover undici family policy, pinned lookup injection,
 // timeout propagation, and proxy dispatcher construction.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const TEST_UNDICI_RUNTIME_DEPS_KEY = "__OPENCLAW_TEST_UNDICI_RUNTIME_DEPS__";
@@ -80,12 +81,7 @@ function createDispatcherWithPinnedOverride(lookup: PinnedHostname["lookup"]) {
   return (call?.[0] as { connect?: { lookup?: PinnedHostname["lookup"] } })?.connect?.lookup;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 function requireFirstAgentOptions(): Record<string, unknown> {
   const [call] = agentCtor.mock.calls;
diff --git a/src/infra/node-pairing.test.ts b/src/infra/node-pairing.test.ts
index 50957776d4d2..d41dc3ba7dc4 100644
--- a/src/infra/node-pairing.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/node-pairing.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Tests node capability-surface approvals stored on paired device records.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, test } from "vitest";
 import { createSuiteTempRootTracker } from "../test-helpers/temp-dir.js";
 import { createDeferred } from "../test-utils/deferred.js";
@@ -61,12 +62,7 @@ async function findPairedNode(nodeId: string, baseDir: string) {
   return pairing.paired.find((node) => node.nodeId === nodeId) ?? null;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function findRecordByField<T extends Record<string, unknown>>(
   records: T[],
diff --git a/src/infra/outbound/delivery-queue.reconnect-drain.test.ts b/src/infra/outbound/delivery-queue.reconnect-drain.test.ts
index 88f4159dc659..d8cc84680077 100644
--- a/src/infra/outbound/delivery-queue.reconnect-drain.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/outbound/delivery-queue.reconnect-drain.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Covers reconnect-triggered queue drain selection, active claims, backoff
 // bypass, and concurrent drain suppression.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { controlNextRecoverySleep } from "../../../test/helpers/infra/delivery-recovery.js";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../config/config.js";
@@ -53,12 +54,7 @@ function countMatching<T>(items: readonly T[], predicate: (item: T) => boolean):
   return count;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function firstMockArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: readonly unknown[][] } },
diff --git a/src/infra/outbound/message-action-runner.media.test.ts b/src/infra/outbound/message-action-runner.media.test.ts
index 86389ac366e7..e1afec2d52fc 100644
--- a/src/infra/outbound/message-action-runner.media.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/outbound/message-action-runner.media.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Covers message-action media hydration, sandbox path normalization,
-// attachments, and channel/plugin media source aliases.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Covers message-action media hydration, sandbox path normalization,
+// attachments, and channel/plugin media source aliases.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { Type } from "typebox";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { jsonResult } from "../../agents/tools/common.js";
@@ -115,12 +116,7 @@ const runDrySend = (params: {
     sandboxRoot: params.sandboxRoot,
   });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function requireActionPayload(
   result: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof runMessageAction>>,
diff --git a/src/infra/outbound/message.test.ts b/src/infra/outbound/message.test.ts
index 948b2b06d357..7daba2c53c3f 100644
--- a/src/infra/outbound/message.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/outbound/message.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Covers outbound message send/poll orchestration, target resolution, durable
 // capability checks, gateway fallback, dry runs, and payload planning.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
@@ -74,12 +75,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
   ({ sendMessage } = await import("./message.js"));
 });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/src/infra/outbound/outbound-send-service.test.ts b/src/infra/outbound/outbound-send-service.test.ts
index 362159fe1b3e..7e4152941c7b 100644
--- a/src/infra/outbound/outbound-send-service.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/outbound/outbound-send-service.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Covers outbound send service plugin/core routing, media access scoping,
 // transcript mirroring, and poll fallback.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ReplyPayload } from "../../auto-reply/reply-payload.js";
 import type { ChannelPlugin } from "../../channels/plugins/types.public.js";
@@ -120,12 +121,7 @@ type MockCalls = {
   mock: { calls: unknown[][] };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), label).toBe(true);
diff --git a/src/infra/outbound/session-binding-service.test.ts b/src/infra/outbound/session-binding-service.test.ts
index bcdacd0c9641..1f5abb138161 100644
--- a/src/infra/outbound/session-binding-service.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/outbound/session-binding-service.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // Covers session binding adapter registration, generic current-conversation
 // fallback, capability errors, deduping, and duplicate graph teardown.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { setActivePluginRegistry } from "../../plugins/runtime.js";
 import { closeOpenClawStateDatabaseForTest } from "../../state/openclaw-state-db.js";
@@ -79,12 +80,7 @@ function createRecord(input: SessionBindingBindInput): SessionBindingRecord {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function firstMockArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: readonly unknown[][] } },
diff --git a/src/infra/push-apns.test.ts b/src/infra/push-apns.test.ts
index d8b05d8e409a..f53949721c04 100644
--- a/src/infra/push-apns.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/push-apns.test.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-// Tests APNS push signing and request construction.
 import { generateKeyPairSync } from "node:crypto";
 import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
 import { createServer, type Server as HttpServer } from "node:http";
 import http2 from "node:http2";
 import net from "node:net";
 import { MAX_TIMER_TIMEOUT_MS } from "@openclaw/normalization-core/number-coercion";
+// Tests APNS push signing and request construction.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createDeferred } from "../test-utils/deferred.js";
 import { startProxy, stopProxy, type ProxyHandle } from "./net/proxy/proxy-lifecycle.js";
@@ -177,12 +178,7 @@ async function closeServer(server: HttpServer | http2.Http2SecureServer): Promis
   });
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/infra/watch-node.test.ts b/src/infra/watch-node.test.ts
index 23944dbe04d2..3ee47dda3129 100644
--- a/src/infra/watch-node.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/watch-node.test.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
-import { bundledPluginFile } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
+import { createRequireRecord, bundledPluginFile } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { runNodeWatchedPaths } from "../../scripts/run-node.mjs";
 import { runWatchMain } from "../../scripts/watch-node.mjs";
@@ -95,12 +95,7 @@ const startWatchRun = ({
   return { watcher, createWatcher, fakeProcess, runPromise };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireMockCall(mock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, callIndex: number): unknown[] {
   const call = mock.mock.calls[callIndex] as unknown[] | undefined;
diff --git a/src/logging/diagnostic.test.ts b/src/logging/diagnostic.test.ts
index ee9c627c7a2c..ebed841b6260 100644
--- a/src/logging/diagnostic.test.ts
+++ b/src/logging/diagnostic.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Diagnostic logger tests cover event emission, metrics, and support output.
 import fs from "node:fs";
-import { importFreshModule } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
+import { createRequireRecord, importFreshModule } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   appendTranscriptMessageSync,
@@ -94,12 +94,7 @@ function countMatching<T>(items: readonly T[], predicate: (item: T) => boolean)
   return count;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/media-understanding/image.test.ts b/src/media-understanding/image.test.ts
index 094c853ce855..1f03f6ba9496 100644
--- a/src/media-understanding/image.test.ts
+++ b/src/media-understanding/image.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import path from "node:path";
 // Image runtime tests cover model-backed image routing, auth/profile handling,
 // provider payload transforms, and MiniMax/Copilot special paths.
-import path from "node:path";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { attachModelProviderRequestTransport } from "../agents/provider-request-config.js";
 import { mintSecretSentinel } from "../secrets/sentinel.js";
@@ -97,12 +98,7 @@ function requireFirstMockCall<const Calls extends readonly unknown[][]>(
   return requireMockCallAt(mock, 0, label);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-capitalized");
 
 vi.mock("../llm/stream.js", async () => {
   const actual = await vi.importActual<typeof import("../llm/stream.js")>("../llm/stream.js");
diff --git a/src/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks.ts b/src/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks.ts
index ba1c497bdf5b..2fdfe338352a 100644
--- a/src/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks.ts
+++ b/src/plugin-sdk/provider-http-test-mocks.ts
@@ -5,3 +5,10 @@ export {
   getProviderHttpMocks,
   installProviderHttpMockCleanup,
 } from "./test-helpers/provider-http-mocks.js";
+export {
+  bufferedOversizedJsonResponse,
+  oversizedJsonResponse,
+  requireFirstPostJsonRecordRequest,
+  requireFirstPostJsonRequest,
+  streamedJsonResponse,
+} from "../../test/helpers/provider-http.js";
diff --git a/src/plugin-sdk/provider-stream-shared.test.ts b/src/plugin-sdk/provider-stream-shared.test.ts
index 44eb341758cf..69a65c1a41d6 100644
--- a/src/plugin-sdk/provider-stream-shared.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugin-sdk/provider-stream-shared.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
+import type { StreamFn } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
+import type { Model } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/llm";
 /**
  * Tests provider stream shared helpers and stream hook capture.
  */
-import type { StreamFn } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
-import type { Model } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/llm";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { createAssistantMessageEventStream } from "../llm/utils/event-stream.js";
 import {
@@ -77,12 +78,7 @@ const lmstudioBareModel = {
   reasoning: true,
 } as unknown as Model<"openai-completions">;
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function messageOf(event: unknown) {
   return requireRecord(requireRecord(event, "done event").message, "done message");
diff --git a/src/plugin-sdk/provider-stream.test.ts b/src/plugin-sdk/provider-stream.test.ts
index a169ff32998f..e43b98b27774 100644
--- a/src/plugin-sdk/provider-stream.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugin-sdk/provider-stream.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// Provider stream tests cover shared stream-wrapper families and payload compatibility.
 import type { StreamFn } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
+// Provider stream tests cover shared stream-wrapper families and payload compatibility.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { createAssistantMessageEventStream } from "../llm/utils/event-stream.js";
 import { VERSION } from "../version.js";
@@ -42,12 +43,7 @@ function requireStreamFn(streamFn: StreamFn | null | undefined) {
   return streamFn;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requirePayload(payload: Record<string, unknown> | undefined): Record<string, unknown> {
   if (!payload) {
diff --git a/src/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures.ts b/src/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures.ts
index 65f59b7e757f..8832de645ab3 100644
--- a/src/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures.ts
+++ b/src/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures.ts
@@ -25,6 +25,15 @@ export { sanitizeTerminalText } from "../../packages/terminal-core/src/safe-text
 export { countLines, hasBalancedFences } from "../test-utils/chunk-test-helpers.js";
 export { expectGeneratedTokenPersistedToGatewayAuth } from "../test-utils/auth-token-assertions.js";
 export { typedCases } from "../test-utils/typed-cases.js";
+export { createRequireRecord } from "../../test/helpers/record.js";
+export type { RecordRequirementKind, RecordRequirementMessage } from "../../test/helpers/record.js";
+export {
+  bufferedOversizedJsonResponse,
+  oversizedJsonResponse,
+  requireFirstPostJsonRecordRequest,
+  requireFirstPostJsonRequest,
+  streamedJsonResponse,
+} from "../../test/helpers/provider-http.js";
 export {
   BUNDLED_PLUGIN_PATH_PREFIX,
   BUNDLED_PLUGIN_ROOT_DIR,
diff --git a/src/plugins/contracts/session-entry-projection.contract.test.ts b/src/plugins/contracts/session-entry-projection.contract.test.ts
index 5d4f75ca1c71..e439eb0e3490 100644
--- a/src/plugins/contracts/session-entry-projection.contract.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/contracts/session-entry-projection.contract.test.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-// Session entry projection contract tests cover plugin session entry projection behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
 import {
   createPluginRegistryFixture,
   registerTestPlugin,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/plugin-test-contracts";
+// Session entry projection contract tests cover plugin session entry projection behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import type { SessionEntry } from "../../config/sessions.js";
 import { listSessionEntries, replaceSessionEntry } from "../../config/sessions/session-accessor.js";
@@ -20,12 +21,7 @@ import { setActivePluginRegistry } from "../runtime.js";
 import { createPluginRecord } from "../status.test-fixtures.js";
 import { runTrustedToolPolicies } from "../trusted-tool-policy.js";
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 async function expectOkResult(promise: Promise<unknown>, label: string) {
   const result = requireRecord(await promise, label);
diff --git a/src/plugins/install.test.ts b/src/plugins/install.test.ts
index f4f38dc39b1b..21238bded534 100644
--- a/src/plugins/install.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/install.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Covers plugin install flows, manifests, and install records.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import fsPromises from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Covers plugin install flows, manifests, and install records.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/types.openclaw.js";
 import {
@@ -642,12 +643,7 @@ function expectWarningExcludes(warnings: readonly string[], fragment: string) {
   expect(warnings.join("\n")).not.toContain(fragment);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function firstMockCall(mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } }): unknown[] | undefined {
   return mock.mock.calls[0];
diff --git a/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index.test.ts b/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index.test.ts
index c0fa2fdcae56..0ca2e25fa617 100644
--- a/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Covers installed plugin index read, write, and policy behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Covers installed plugin index read, write, and policy behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { PluginCandidate } from "./discovery.js";
 import { buildInstalledPluginIndexRecords } from "./installed-plugin-index-record-builder.js";
@@ -51,12 +52,7 @@ function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-capitalized");
 
 function readRecordField(record: Record<string, unknown>, key: string, label: string) {
   const value = record[key];
diff --git a/src/plugins/plugin-module-loader-cache.test.ts b/src/plugins/plugin-module-loader-cache.test.ts
index 3c2f32131ef5..a626a800bd7a 100644
--- a/src/plugins/plugin-module-loader-cache.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/plugin-module-loader-cache.test.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
-import { importFreshModule } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
+import { createRequireRecord, importFreshModule } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { PluginModuleLoaderFactory } from "./plugin-module-loader-cache.js";
 
@@ -38,12 +38,7 @@ function asPluginModuleLoaderFactory(factory: unknown): PluginModuleLoaderFactor
   return factory as PluginModuleLoaderFactory;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function callArg(mock: unknown, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const calls = (mock as { mock?: { calls?: Array<Array<unknown>> } }).mock?.calls ?? [];
diff --git a/src/plugins/plugin-registry.test.ts b/src/plugins/plugin-registry.test.ts
index ae80a4a7e14d..fa70f204fa98 100644
--- a/src/plugins/plugin-registry.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/plugin-registry.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Covers plugin registry assembly, contribution lookup, and reset behavior.
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+// Covers plugin registry assembly, contribution lookup, and reset behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { closeOpenClawStateDatabaseForTest } from "../state/openclaw-state-db.js";
 import type { PluginCandidate } from "./discovery.js";
@@ -165,12 +166,7 @@ function createIndex(
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): Array<unknown> {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), label).toBe(true);
diff --git a/src/plugins/provider-runtime.test.ts b/src/plugins/provider-runtime.test.ts
index ae70f10f02dd..44795f9fe4a1 100644
--- a/src/plugins/provider-runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/provider-runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-/** Exercises provider runtime loading, ordering, and manifest-backed discovery paths. */
 import type { AgentMessage } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/agent-core";
+/** Exercises provider runtime loading, ordering, and manifest-backed discovery paths. */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { ModelProviderConfig, OpenClawConfig } from "../config/types.js";
 import { captureEnv, deleteTestEnvValue, setTestEnvValue } from "../test-utils/env.js";
@@ -164,12 +165,7 @@ function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
   return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object-capitalized");
 
 function firstMockArg(mock: { mock: { calls: unknown[][] } }): unknown {
   return mock.mock.calls[0]?.[0];
diff --git a/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-llm.runtime.test.ts b/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-llm.runtime.test.ts
index e836d9669123..47aee49a10f6 100644
--- a/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-llm.runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-llm.runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Runtime LLM tests cover plugin provider hooks inside the model runtime adapter.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { resolveContextEngineCapabilities } from "../../agents/embedded-agent-runner/context-engine-capabilities.js";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../../config/types.openclaw.js";
@@ -65,12 +66,7 @@ type MockCalls = {
   mock: { calls: unknown[][] };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), label).toBe(true);
diff --git a/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-tasks.test.ts b/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-tasks.test.ts
index 6511ae828ea3..27d2236b0f1b 100644
--- a/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-tasks.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-tasks.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Runtime task tests cover plugin task runtime registration, invocation, and cleanup.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { getDetachedTaskLifecycleRuntime } from "../../tasks/detached-task-runtime.js";
 import { setDetachedTaskLifecycleRuntime } from "../../tasks/task-runtime.test-helpers.js";
@@ -16,12 +17,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
   resetRuntimeTaskTestState();
 });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function requireRecordById(items: readonly unknown[], id: string): Record<string, unknown> {
   for (const item of items) {
diff --git a/src/plugins/setup-registry.test.ts b/src/plugins/setup-registry.test.ts
index cf710ba200a7..71e3c24fe638 100644
--- a/src/plugins/setup-registry.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/setup-registry.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Verifies plugin setup registry discovery and lookup behavior.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url";
+// Verifies plugin setup registry discovery and lookup behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { withMockedWindowsPlatform } from "../test-utils/vitest-spies.js";
 import { cleanupTrackedTempDirs, makeTrackedTempDir } from "./test-helpers/fs-fixtures.js";
@@ -171,12 +172,7 @@ async function expectNoUnhandledRejection(run: () => void | Promise<void>): Prom
   expect(unhandledRejections).toStrictEqual([]);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function mockCall(
   mock: { mock: { calls: ReadonlyArray<ReadonlyArray<unknown>> } },
diff --git a/src/plugins/status.registry-snapshot.test.ts b/src/plugins/status.registry-snapshot.test.ts
index acca22de5e5f..65b6a7697c4b 100644
--- a/src/plugins/status.registry-snapshot.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/status.registry-snapshot.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Covers plugin status snapshots built from registry state.
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Covers plugin status snapshots built from registry state.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import {
   readPersistedInstalledPluginIndex,
@@ -42,12 +43,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
   cleanupTrackedTempDirs(tempDirs);
 });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function requirePlugin(
   plugins: readonly Record<string, unknown>[],
diff --git a/src/plugins/web-provider-runtime-shared.test.ts b/src/plugins/web-provider-runtime-shared.test.ts
index b098569185e4..ed311ce64d71 100644
--- a/src/plugins/web-provider-runtime-shared.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/web-provider-runtime-shared.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Covers shared web provider runtime helpers.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
@@ -48,12 +49,7 @@ vi.mock("./runtime/load-context.js", () => ({
 let resolvePluginWebProviders: typeof import("./web-provider-runtime-shared.js").resolvePluginWebProviders;
 let resolveRuntimeWebProviders: typeof import("./web-provider-runtime-shared.js").resolveRuntimeWebProviders;
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function mockArg(mock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, callIndex = 0): Record<string, unknown> {
   return requireRecord(mock.mock.calls[callIndex]?.[0]);
diff --git a/src/plugins/web-search-providers.runtime.test.ts b/src/plugins/web-search-providers.runtime.test.ts
index 8d7c16e38d74..1672b06a9f21 100644
--- a/src/plugins/web-search-providers.runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/web-search-providers.runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Covers runtime loading and sorting for plugin web search providers. */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 type RegistryModule = typeof import("./registry.js");
@@ -205,12 +206,7 @@ function expectLoaderCallCount(count: number) {
   expect(loadOpenClawPluginsMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(count);
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function requireLastCallFirstArg(
   mock: { mock: { calls: readonly (readonly unknown[])[] } },
diff --git a/src/secrets/runtime-web-tools.test.ts b/src/secrets/runtime-web-tools.test.ts
index b43fb23adab0..349cc9419f08 100644
--- a/src/secrets/runtime-web-tools.test.ts
+++ b/src/secrets/runtime-web-tools.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Tests web-tool secret metadata resolution from config and plugins. */
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import type {
@@ -340,12 +341,7 @@ function readProviderKey(config: OpenClawConfig, provider: ProviderUnderTest): u
   return pluginConfig?.webSearch?.apiKey;
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function diagnostics(value: unknown) {
   expect(Array.isArray(value), "diagnostics").toBe(true);
diff --git a/src/system-agent/operations.test.ts b/src/system-agent/operations.test.ts
index 01a0f020b1db..ca293141a73b 100644
--- a/src/system-agent/operations.test.ts
+++ b/src/system-agent/operations.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// OpenClaw operation tests cover rescue operation planning and execution.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
+// OpenClaw operation tests cover rescue operation planning and execution.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { useAutoCleanupTempDirTracker } from "../../test/helpers/temp-dir.js";
 import { resetPluginStateStoreForTests } from "../plugin-state/plugin-state-store.js";
@@ -18,12 +19,7 @@ import { createSystemAgentTestRuntime } from "./system-agent.runtime.test-suppor
 
 type TestConfig = Record<string, unknown>;
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) {
-    throw new Error(`${label} was not an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "label-not-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/src/web-search/runtime.test.ts b/src/web-search/runtime.test.ts
index 7e92e9722818..5ec8ed25ec66 100644
--- a/src/web-search/runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/web-search/runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Web search runtime tests cover provider resolution and search execution.
 import { mkdtempSync, rmSync } from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
+// Web search runtime tests cover provider resolution and search execution.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { getRuntimeAuthProfileStoreCredentialsRevision } from "../agents/auth-profiles/runtime-snapshots.js";
 import {
@@ -140,12 +141,7 @@ function createOAuthAuthProfileStore(params: {
   };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function mockCallParam(mock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>, index = 0): Record<string, unknown> {
   return requireRecord(mock.mock.calls[index]?.[0]);
diff --git a/src/wizard/setup.test.ts b/src/wizard/setup.test.ts
index 146d94e847c6..3c9201c90d3d 100644
--- a/src/wizard/setup.test.ts
+++ b/src/wizard/setup.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-// Setup wizard tests cover end-to-end onboarding prompt flows.
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { ProviderPlugin } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/provider-model-shared";
+// Setup wizard tests cover end-to-end onboarding prompt flows.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { createWizardPrompter as buildWizardPrompter } from "../../test/helpers/wizard-prompter.js";
 import {
@@ -281,12 +282,7 @@ function persistedWizardConfigs(): OpenClawConfig[] {
   );
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function expectRecordFields(
   value: unknown,
diff --git a/test/e2e/qa-lab/runtime/gateway-plugin-approvals.e2e.test.ts b/test/e2e/qa-lab/runtime/gateway-plugin-approvals.e2e.test.ts
index 7f8493b447e6..d10ef0570465 100644
--- a/test/e2e/qa-lab/runtime/gateway-plugin-approvals.e2e.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/qa-lab/runtime/gateway-plugin-approvals.e2e.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-// Proves the plugin approval lifecycle through authenticated Gateway WebSockets.
 import path from "node:path";
-import { isRecord } from "@openclaw/normalization-core/record-coerce";
+// Proves the plugin approval lifecycle through authenticated Gateway WebSockets.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { GATEWAY_CLIENT_CAPS } from "../../../../packages/gateway-protocol/src/client-info.js";
 import { ADMIN_SCOPE, APPROVALS_SCOPE } from "../../../../src/gateway/method-scopes.js";
@@ -39,12 +39,7 @@ type ApprovalDecision = {
   terminalReason: string | null;
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label");
 
 installGatewayTestHooks({ scope: "suite" });
 
@@ -186,7 +181,9 @@ describe("gateway plugin approvals QA", () => {
         .finally(() => {
           waitSettled = true;
         });
-      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 25));
+      await new Promise((resolve) => {
+        setTimeout(resolve, 25);
+      });
       expect(waitSettled).toBe(false);
 
       markStage("reviewer resolve");
diff --git a/test/helpers/provider-http.test.ts b/test/helpers/provider-http.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a88f88c2eb4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/helpers/provider-http.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import {
+  oversizedJsonResponse,
+  requireFirstPostJsonRecordRequest,
+  streamedJsonResponse,
+} from "./provider-http.js";
+
+describe("provider HTTP fixtures", () => {
+  it("builds streamed JSON responses", async () => {
+    await expect(streamedJsonResponse({ ok: true }).json()).resolves.toEqual({ ok: true });
+  });
+
+  it("tracks bounded oversized response reads and cancellation", async () => {
+    const fixture = oversizedJsonResponse({ chunkCount: 2, chunkSize: 4 });
+    const reader = fixture.response.body?.getReader();
+    await reader?.read();
+    await reader?.cancel();
+
+    expect(fixture.getReadCount()).toBe(1);
+    expect(fixture.wasCanceled()).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("requires the first request to be a record", () => {
+    const mock = vi.fn();
+    mock({ url: "https://example.test" });
+
+    expect(requireFirstPostJsonRecordRequest(mock, "request")).toEqual({
+      url: "https://example.test",
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/helpers/provider-http.ts b/test/helpers/provider-http.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ff7f65995b3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/helpers/provider-http.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+type MockCallSource = {
+  mock: { calls: readonly (readonly unknown[])[] };
+};
+
+type TrackedOversizedJsonResponse = {
+  response: Response;
+  getReadCount: () => number;
+  wasCanceled: () => boolean;
+};
+
+type FixedOversizedJsonResponse = {
+  response: Response;
+  state: { canceled: boolean; enqueuedBytes: number };
+};
+
+export function oversizedJsonResponse(): FixedOversizedJsonResponse;
+export function oversizedJsonResponse(params: {
+  chunkCount: number;
+  chunkSize: number;
+}): TrackedOversizedJsonResponse;
+export function oversizedJsonResponse(params?: {
+  chunkCount: number;
+  chunkSize: number;
+}): FixedOversizedJsonResponse | TrackedOversizedJsonResponse {
+  if (params) {
+    const chunk = new Uint8Array(params.chunkSize);
+    let readCount = 0;
+    let canceled = false;
+    return {
+      response: new Response(
+        new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+          pull(controller) {
+            if (readCount >= params.chunkCount) {
+              controller.close();
+              return;
+            }
+            readCount += 1;
+            controller.enqueue(chunk);
+          },
+          cancel() {
+            canceled = true;
+          },
+        }),
+        {
+          status: 200,
+          headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+        },
+      ),
+      getReadCount: () => readCount,
+      wasCanceled: () => canceled,
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Cap the advertised stream at 64 MiB so a broken bounded reader fails
+  // instead of hanging, while still forcing cancellation past the 16 MiB limit.
+  const state = { canceled: false, enqueuedBytes: 0 };
+  const chunk = 1024 * 1024;
+  const maxChunks = 64;
+  let emitted = 0;
+  const response = new Response(
+    new ReadableStream({
+      pull(controller) {
+        if (emitted >= maxChunks) {
+          controller.close();
+          return;
+        }
+        emitted += 1;
+        state.enqueuedBytes += chunk;
+        controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array(chunk));
+      },
+      cancel() {
+        state.canceled = true;
+      },
+    }),
+    { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
+  );
+  return { response, state };
+}
+
+export function bufferedOversizedJsonResponse(): Response {
+  return new Response(Buffer.alloc(16 * 1024 * 1024 + 1, 0x20), {
+    status: 200,
+    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+  });
+}
+
+export function streamedJsonResponse(payload: unknown): Response {
+  // Keep a real body stream so bounded-reader tests exercise reads and cancellation.
+  return new Response(
+    new ReadableStream({
+      start(controller) {
+        controller.enqueue(new TextEncoder().encode(JSON.stringify(payload)));
+        controller.close();
+      },
+    }),
+    { status: 200, headers: { "content-type": "application/json" } },
+  );
+}
+
+export function requireFirstPostJsonRequest(mock: MockCallSource, label: string): unknown {
+  const [call] = mock.mock.calls;
+  if (!call) {
+    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
+  }
+  return call[0];
+}
+
+export function requireFirstPostJsonRecordRequest(
+  mock: MockCallSource,
+  label: string,
+): Record<string, unknown> {
+  const value = requireFirstPostJsonRequest(mock, label);
+  if (value === null || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
+    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
+  }
+  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
+}
diff --git a/test/helpers/record.test.ts b/test/helpers/record.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..74ac1d614d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/helpers/record.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+describe("createRequireRecord", () => {
+  it("preserves object assertions that allow arrays", () => {
+    const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
+
+    expect(requireRecord([], "payload")).toEqual([]);
+    expect(() => requireRecord(null, "payload")).toThrow("expected payload");
+  });
+
+  it("preserves strict record assertions and diagnostics", () => {
+    const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
+
+    expect(requireRecord({ ok: true }, "payload")).toEqual({ ok: true });
+    expect(() => requireRecord([], "payload")).toThrow("expected payload to be a record");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/helpers/record.ts b/test/helpers/record.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..95f1fdb70a1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/helpers/record.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+export type RecordRequirementKind = "object" | "record";
+
+export type RecordRequirementMessage =
+  | "expected-label"
+  | "expected-label-object"
+  | "expected-label-object-short"
+  | "expected-label-record"
+  | "expected-label-record-short"
+  | "expected-label-capitalized"
+  | "expected-label-object-capitalized"
+  | "expected-non-array-record"
+  | "expected-object-value"
+  | "expected-record"
+  | "label-not-object"
+  | "message";
+
+type FixedRecordRequirementMessage =
+  | "expected-non-array-record"
+  | "expected-object-value"
+  | "expected-record";
+type LabeledRecordRequirementMessage = Exclude<
+  RecordRequirementMessage,
+  FixedRecordRequirementMessage
+>;
+
+// Keyed registry keeps the message union exhaustively checked: adding a
+// variant without a formatter is a compile error, and the return stays string.
+const RECORD_REQUIREMENT_ERRORS = {
+  "expected-label": (label) => `expected ${label}`,
+  "expected-label-object": (label) => `expected ${label} to be an object`,
+  "expected-label-object-short": (label) => `expected ${label} object`,
+  "expected-label-record": (label) => `expected ${label} to be a record`,
+  "expected-label-record-short": (label) => `expected ${label} record`,
+  "expected-label-capitalized": (label) => `Expected ${label}`,
+  "expected-label-object-capitalized": (label) => `Expected ${label} to be an object`,
+  "expected-non-array-record": () => "Expected a non-array record",
+  "expected-object-value": () => "Expected object value",
+  "expected-record": () => "expected record",
+  "label-not-object": (label) => `${label} was not an object`,
+  message: (label) => label ?? "expected record",
+} satisfies Record<RecordRequirementMessage, (label?: string) => string>;
+
+function recordRequirementError(message: RecordRequirementMessage, label?: string): string {
+  return RECORD_REQUIREMENT_ERRORS[message](label);
+}
+
+export function createRequireRecord(
+  kind: RecordRequirementKind,
+  message: FixedRecordRequirementMessage,
+): (value: unknown) => Record<string, unknown>;
+export function createRequireRecord(
+  kind: RecordRequirementKind,
+  message: LabeledRecordRequirementMessage,
+): (value: unknown, label: string) => Record<string, unknown>;
+export function createRequireRecord(
+  kind: RecordRequirementKind,
+  message: RecordRequirementMessage,
+): (value: unknown, label?: string) => Record<string, unknown> {
+  return (value: unknown, label?: string): Record<string, unknown> => {
+    const isObject = value !== null && typeof value === "object";
+    if (!isObject || (kind === "record" && Array.isArray(value))) {
+      throw new Error(recordRequirementError(message, label));
+    }
+    return value as Record<string, unknown>;
+  };
+}
diff --git a/ui/src/lib/chat/commands.test.ts b/ui/src/lib/chat/commands.test.ts
index f4d36aaf111d..2397e29863a7 100644
--- a/ui/src/lib/chat/commands.test.ts
+++ b/ui/src/lib/chat/commands.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
 // @vitest-environment node
-import { expectDefined, isRecord } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import {
   buildFallbackSlashCommands,
@@ -15,12 +16,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
   replaceSlashCommands(buildFallbackSlashCommands());
 });
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be an object`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-object");
 
 function requireArray(value: unknown, label: string): unknown[] {
   if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
diff --git a/ui/src/lib/cron/index.test.ts b/ui/src/lib/cron/index.test.ts
index 5ad066cad535..488527c52036 100644
--- a/ui/src/lib/cron/index.test.ts
+++ b/ui/src/lib/cron/index.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // @vitest-environment node
 // Control UI tests cover cron behavior.
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   validateCronAddParams,
@@ -131,12 +132,7 @@ function createCronEditHarness(job: CronJob) {
   return { state, submit };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label} to be a record`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-label-record");
 
 function expectRecordFields(record: Record<string, unknown>, fields: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(fields)) {
diff --git a/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-gateway.test.ts b/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-gateway.test.ts
index 5e8c9fb8800f..e83a6cc8198b 100644
--- a/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-gateway.test.ts
+++ b/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-gateway.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import { reduceSessionProjection } from "@openclaw/gateway-client/browser";
 // @vitest-environment node
 // Control UI tests cover chat behavior.
-import { reduceSessionProjection } from "@openclaw/gateway-client/browser";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { GatewayRequestError } from "../../api/gateway.ts";
 import { handleChatGatewayEvent, type ChatEventPayload } from "./chat-gateway.ts";
@@ -51,12 +52,7 @@ function createDeferred<T>() {
   return { promise, resolve, reject };
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function expectTextChatMessage(message: unknown, role: string, text: string): void {
   const record = requireRecord(message);
diff --git a/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-send.test.ts b/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-send.test.ts
index dda1d98f93ec..36afa17f070e 100644
--- a/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-send.test.ts
+++ b/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-send.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import { reduceSessionProjection } from "@openclaw/gateway-client/browser";
 import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { GatewayRequestError } from "../../api/gateway.ts";
 import type { GatewaySessionRow, SessionsListResult } from "../../api/types.ts";
@@ -241,12 +242,7 @@ type MockCallSource = {
   };
 };
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown, label: string): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
-    throw new Error(`expected ${label}`);
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("object", "expected-label");
 
 function mockArg(source: MockCallSource, callIndex: number, argIndex: number, label: string) {
   const call = source.mock.calls[callIndex];
diff --git a/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-thread.test.ts b/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-thread.test.ts
index 71646db92eba..ab277d31aec8 100644
--- a/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-thread.test.ts
+++ b/ui/src/pages/chat/chat-thread.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
 // @vitest-environment node
 // Control UI tests cover build chat items behavior.
-import { expectDefined } from "@openclaw/normalization-core";
+import { createRequireRecord } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { markInboundContextLabel } from "../../../../src/auto-reply/reply/inbound-context-marker.js";
 import type { MessageGroup } from "../../lib/chat/chat-types.ts";
@@ -94,12 +95,7 @@ function firstMessageContent(group: MessageGroup): unknown[] {
   return Array.isArray(message.content) ? message.content : [];
 }
 
-function requireRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
-    throw new Error("Expected a non-array record");
-  }
-  return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-}
+const requireRecord = createRequireRecord("record", "expected-non-array-record");
 
 function requireGroup(value: unknown): MessageGroup {
   const record = requireRecord(value);