diff --git a/scripts/qa-e2e.ts b/scripts/qa-e2e.ts
index 17582e1bb351..97f3a2bd7645 100644
--- a/scripts/qa-e2e.ts
+++ b/scripts/qa-e2e.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ type QaE2eDeps = {
   writeStdout?: (text: string) => void;
 };
 
+type QaE2eArgs = {
+  help: boolean;
+  outputPath: string;
+};
+
 async function loadQaE2eRuntime(): Promise<QaE2eRuntime> {
   return await import("../extensions/qa-lab/api.js");
 }
@@ -23,18 +28,80 @@ export function enablePrivateQaScriptEnv(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env) {
 }
 
 export function resolveQaE2eOutputPath(argv: readonly string[] = process.argv.slice(2)) {
-  return argv[0]?.trim() || ".artifacts/qa-e2e/self-check.md";
+  return parseQaE2eArgs(argv).outputPath;
+}
+
+export function usage(): string {
+  return `Usage: pnpm qa:e2e [--output <path>]
+
+Options:
+  --output <path>  Markdown report output path
+  -h, --help       Display help
+`;
+}
+
+export function parseQaE2eArgs(argv: readonly string[]): QaE2eArgs {
+  const args = argv[0] === "--" ? argv.slice(1) : argv;
+  let outputPath = "";
+  let positionalMode = false;
+  for (let index = 0; index < args.length; index += 1) {
+    const arg = args[index] ?? "";
+    if (positionalMode) {
+      if (!outputPath && arg.trim()) {
+        outputPath = arg.trim();
+        continue;
+      }
+      throw new Error(`Unexpected qa:e2e argument: ${arg}`);
+    }
+    if (arg === "--") {
+      positionalMode = true;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (arg === "--help" || arg === "-h") {
+      return { help: true, outputPath: ".artifacts/qa-e2e/self-check.md" };
+    }
+    const inlineOutput = arg.startsWith("--output=") ? arg.slice("--output=".length).trim() : null;
+    if (inlineOutput !== null) {
+      if (!inlineOutput) {
+        throw new Error("--output requires a value");
+      }
+      outputPath = inlineOutput;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (arg === "--output") {
+      const value = args[index + 1]?.trim();
+      if (!value || value.startsWith("-")) {
+        throw new Error("--output requires a value");
+      }
+      outputPath = value;
+      index += 1;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (arg.startsWith("-")) {
+      throw new Error(`Unknown qa:e2e option: ${arg}`);
+    }
+    if (outputPath) {
+      throw new Error(`Unexpected qa:e2e argument: ${arg}`);
+    }
+    outputPath = arg.trim();
+  }
+  return { help: false, outputPath: outputPath || ".artifacts/qa-e2e/self-check.md" };
 }
 
 export async function main(
   argv: readonly string[] = process.argv.slice(2),
   deps: QaE2eDeps = {},
 ): Promise<number> {
+  const args = parseQaE2eArgs(argv);
+  if (args.help) {
+    (deps.writeStdout ?? ((text: string) => process.stdout.write(text)))(usage());
+    return 0;
+  }
   enablePrivateQaScriptEnv(deps.env ?? process.env);
   const { isQaSelfCheckSuccessful, runQaE2eSelfCheck } = await (
     deps.loadRuntime ?? loadQaE2eRuntime
   )();
-  const result = await runQaE2eSelfCheck({ outputPath: resolveQaE2eOutputPath(argv) });
+  const result = await runQaE2eSelfCheck({ outputPath: args.outputPath });
   (deps.writeStdout ?? ((text: string) => process.stdout.write(text)))(
     `QA self-check report: ${result.outputPath}\n`,
   );
@@ -47,5 +114,10 @@ function isMainModule() {
 }
 
 if (isMainModule()) {
-  process.exitCode = await main();
+  try {
+    process.exitCode = await main();
+  } catch (error) {
+    process.stderr.write(`${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}\n`);
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+  }
 }
diff --git a/test/scripts/qa-e2e.test.ts b/test/scripts/qa-e2e.test.ts
index 9020944f77c7..a44717a1547e 100644
--- a/test/scripts/qa-e2e.test.ts
+++ b/test/scripts/qa-e2e.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 // Qa E2E tests cover qa e2e script behavior.
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { QaSelfCheckResult } from "../../extensions/qa-lab/api.js";
-import { enablePrivateQaScriptEnv, main, resolveQaE2eOutputPath } from "../../scripts/qa-e2e.js";
+import {
+  enablePrivateQaScriptEnv,
+  main,
+  parseQaE2eArgs,
+  resolveQaE2eOutputPath,
+} from "../../scripts/qa-e2e.js";
 
 function makeSelfCheckResult(status: "pass" | "fail"): QaSelfCheckResult {
   return {
@@ -44,6 +49,50 @@ describe("qa-e2e script", () => {
   it("resolves the default self-check report path", () => {
     expect(resolveQaE2eOutputPath([])).toBe(".artifacts/qa-e2e/self-check.md");
     expect(resolveQaE2eOutputPath([".artifacts/custom.md"])).toBe(".artifacts/custom.md");
+    expect(resolveQaE2eOutputPath(["--output", ".artifacts/custom.md"])).toBe(
+      ".artifacts/custom.md",
+    );
+    expect(resolveQaE2eOutputPath(["--", ".artifacts/custom.md"])).toBe(".artifacts/custom.md");
+  });
+
+  it("prints help before enabling private QA or loading QA Lab", async () => {
+    const env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {};
+    const loadRuntime = vi.fn(async () => {
+      throw new Error("runtime loaded");
+    });
+    const writeStdout = vi.fn();
+
+    await expect(main(["--help"], { env, loadRuntime, writeStdout })).resolves.toBe(0);
+
+    expect(loadRuntime).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(writeStdout).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.stringContaining("Usage: pnpm qa:e2e"));
+    expect(env.OPENCLAW_BUILD_PRIVATE_QA).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("rejects unknown options before enabling private QA or loading QA Lab", async () => {
+    const env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {};
+    const loadRuntime = vi.fn(async () => {
+      throw new Error("runtime loaded");
+    });
+
+    await expect(main(["--wat"], { env, loadRuntime })).rejects.toThrow(
+      "Unknown qa:e2e option: --wat",
+    );
+
+    expect(loadRuntime).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(env.OPENCLAW_BUILD_PRIVATE_QA).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("parses explicit output flags and package-manager separators", () => {
+    expect(parseQaE2eArgs(["--output=.artifacts/custom.md"])).toEqual({
+      help: false,
+      outputPath: ".artifacts/custom.md",
+    });
+    expect(parseQaE2eArgs(["--", ".artifacts/from-separator.md"])).toEqual({
+      help: false,
+      outputPath: ".artifacts/from-separator.md",
+    });
+    expect(() => parseQaE2eArgs(["--output", "--help"])).toThrow("--output requires a value");
   });
 
   it.each([