diff --git a/packages/speech-core/src/tts-streaming.ts b/packages/speech-core/src/tts-streaming.ts
index 737d212c9583..ad8092680f61 100644
--- a/packages/speech-core/src/tts-streaming.ts
+++ b/packages/speech-core/src/tts-streaming.ts
@@ -1,21 +1,9 @@
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
-import { logVerbose } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/runtime-env";
 import type { TtsDirectiveOverrides } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/speech-core";
 import { assertSpeechRuntimeAvailable } from "./runtime-availability.js";
-import { resolveSpeechProviderTimeoutMs } from "./tts-provider-resolution.js";
-import {
-  buildTtsFailureResult,
-  formatTtsProviderError,
-  prepareSpeechSynthesis,
-  resolvePersonaBinding,
-  resolveReadySpeechProvider,
-  resolveTtsRequestSetup,
-  resolveTtsResultModel,
-  resolveTtsResultVoice,
-  sanitizeTtsErrorForLog,
-} from "./tts-synthesis-support.js";
+import { executeTtsProviderAttempts, resolveTtsRequestSetup } from "./tts-synthesis-support.js";
 import { resolveTtsSynthesisTarget } from "./tts-synthesis.js";
-import type { TtsProviderAttempt, TtsStreamResult, TtsSynthesisStreamResult } from "./tts-types.js";
+import type { TtsStreamResult, TtsSynthesisStreamResult } from "./tts-types.js";
 
 export async function streamSpeech(params: {
   text: string;
@@ -45,136 +33,48 @@ export async function streamSpeech(params: {
 
   const { cfg, config, persona, providers } = setup;
   const target = resolveTtsSynthesisTarget(params.channel);
-  const errors: string[] = [];
-  const attemptedProviders: string[] = [];
-  const attempts: TtsProviderAttempt[] = [];
-  const primaryProvider = providers[0]?.provider;
-  logVerbose(
-    `TTS stream: starting with provider ${primaryProvider}, fallbacks: ${
-      providers
-        .slice(1)
-        .map((entry) => entry.provider)
-        .join(", ") || "none"
-    }`,
-  );
-
-  for (const { provider, voiceModel } of providers) {
-    attemptedProviders.push(provider);
-    const providerStart = Date.now();
-    try {
-      const resolvedProvider = resolveReadySpeechProvider({
-        provider,
-        cfg,
-        config,
-        persona,
-        voiceModel,
-      });
-      if (resolvedProvider.kind === "skip") {
-        errors.push(resolvedProvider.message);
-        attempts.push({
-          provider,
-          outcome: "skipped",
-          reasonCode: resolvedProvider.reasonCode,
-          persona: persona?.id,
-          ...(resolvedProvider.personaBinding
-            ? { personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding }
-            : {}),
-          error: resolvedProvider.message,
-        });
-        logVerbose(`TTS stream: provider ${provider} skipped (${resolvedProvider.message})`);
-        continue;
-      }
+  return await executeTtsProviderAttempts({
+    cfg,
+    config,
+    persona,
+    providers,
+    synthesisText: params.text,
+    providerOverrides: params.overrides?.providerOverrides,
+    timeoutMs: params.timeoutMs,
+    target,
+    logLabel: "TTS stream",
+    selectOperation: ({ provider, resolvedProvider }) => {
       if (!resolvedProvider.provider.streamSynthesize) {
-        const message = `${provider} does not support streaming TTS`;
-        errors.push(message);
-        attempts.push({
-          provider,
-          outcome: "skipped",
+        return {
+          kind: "skip",
           reasonCode: "unsupported_for_streaming",
-          persona: persona?.id,
-          personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding,
-          error: message,
-        });
-        logVerbose(`TTS stream: provider ${provider} skipped (${message})`);
-        continue;
+          message: `${provider} does not support streaming TTS`,
+        };
       }
-      const timeoutMs = resolveSpeechProviderTimeoutMs({
-        timeoutMs: params.timeoutMs ?? voiceModel?.timeoutMs,
-        config,
-        provider: resolvedProvider.provider,
-      });
-      const prepared = await prepareSpeechSynthesis({
-        provider: resolvedProvider.provider,
-        text: params.text,
-        cfg,
-        providerConfig: resolvedProvider.providerConfig,
-        providerOverrides: params.overrides?.providerOverrides?.[resolvedProvider.provider.id],
-        persona: resolvedProvider.synthesisPersona,
-        personaProviderConfig: resolvedProvider.personaProviderConfig,
-        target,
-        timeoutMs,
-      });
-      const synthesis = await resolvedProvider.provider.streamSynthesize({
-        text: prepared.text,
-        cfg,
-        providerConfig: prepared.providerConfig,
-        target,
-        providerOverrides: prepared.providerOverrides,
-        timeoutMs,
-      });
-      const latencyMs = Date.now() - providerStart;
-      attempts.push({
-        provider,
-        outcome: "success",
-        reasonCode: "success",
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding,
-        latencyMs,
-      });
       return {
-        success: true,
-        audioStream: synthesis.audioStream,
-        latencyMs,
-        provider,
-        providerModel: resolveTtsResultModel(prepared.providerConfig, prepared.providerOverrides),
-        providerVoice: resolveTtsResultVoice(prepared.providerConfig, prepared.providerOverrides),
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        fallbackFrom: provider !== primaryProvider ? primaryProvider : undefined,
-        attemptedProviders,
-        attempts,
-        outputFormat: synthesis.outputFormat,
-        voiceCompatible: synthesis.voiceCompatible,
-        fileExtension: synthesis.fileExtension,
-        target,
-        release: synthesis.release,
+        kind: "ready",
+        synthesize: ({ prepared, cfg: runtimeCfg, target: synthesisTarget, timeoutMs }) =>
+          resolvedProvider.provider.streamSynthesize!({
+            text: prepared.text,
+            cfg: runtimeCfg,
+            providerConfig: prepared.providerConfig,
+            target: synthesisTarget,
+            providerOverrides: prepared.providerOverrides,
+            timeoutMs,
+          }),
       };
-    } catch (err) {
-      const errorMsg = formatTtsProviderError(provider, err);
-      const latencyMs = Date.now() - providerStart;
-      errors.push(errorMsg);
-      attempts.push({
-        provider,
-        outcome: "failed",
-        reasonCode:
-          err instanceof Error && err.name === "AbortError" ? "timeout" : "provider_error",
-        latencyMs,
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        personaBinding: resolvePersonaBinding(persona, provider),
-        error: errorMsg,
-      });
-      const rawError = sanitizeTtsErrorForLog(err);
-      if (provider === primaryProvider) {
-        const hasFallbacks = providers.length > 1;
-        logVerbose(
-          `TTS stream: primary provider ${provider} failed (${rawError})${hasFallbacks ? "; trying fallback providers." : "; no fallback providers configured."}`,
-        );
-      } else {
-        logVerbose(`TTS stream: ${provider} failed (${rawError}); trying next provider.`);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  return buildTtsFailureResult(errors, attemptedProviders, attempts, persona?.id);
+    },
+    buildSuccess: ({ synthesis, ...metadata }) => ({
+      success: true,
+      ...metadata,
+      audioStream: synthesis.audioStream,
+      outputFormat: synthesis.outputFormat,
+      voiceCompatible: synthesis.voiceCompatible,
+      fileExtension: synthesis.fileExtension,
+      target,
+      release: synthesis.release,
+    }),
+  });
 }
 
 export async function textToSpeechStream(params: {
diff --git a/packages/speech-core/src/tts-synthesis-support.ts b/packages/speech-core/src/tts-synthesis-support.ts
index 39e046833a96..5095db7b7c3d 100644
--- a/packages/speech-core/src/tts-synthesis-support.ts
+++ b/packages/speech-core/src/tts-synthesis-support.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import type {
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
 import { formatErrorMessage } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/error-runtime";
 import { redactSensitiveText } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/logging-core";
+import { logVerbose } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/runtime-env";
 import {
   canonicalizeSpeechProviderId,
   getSpeechProvider,
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ export function sanitizeTtsErrorForLog(err: unknown): string {
   return redactSensitiveText(raw).replace(/\r/g, "\\r").replace(/\n/g, "\\n").replace(/\t/g, "\\t");
 }
 
-export function buildTtsFailureResult(
+function buildTtsFailureResult(
   errors: string[],
   attemptedProviders?: string[],
   attempts?: TtsProviderAttempt[],
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ type TtsProviderReadyResolution =
       personaBinding?: "missing";
     };
 
-export function resolveReadySpeechProvider(params: {
+function resolveReadySpeechProvider(params: {
   provider: TtsProvider;
   cfg: OpenClawConfig;
   config: ResolvedTtsConfig;
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ export function resolveReadySpeechProvider(params: {
   };
 }
 
-export async function prepareSpeechSynthesis(params: {
+async function prepareSpeechSynthesis(params: {
   provider: NonNullable<ReturnType<typeof getSpeechProvider>>;
   text: string;
   cfg: OpenClawConfig;
@@ -238,11 +239,187 @@ export function resolveTtsRequestSetup(params: {
   };
 }
 
+type ReadySpeechProvider = Extract<TtsProviderReadyResolution, { kind: "ready" }>;
+type PreparedSpeechSynthesis = Awaited<ReturnType<typeof prepareSpeechSynthesis>>;
+type TtsProviderOperation<TSynthesis> =
+  | {
+      kind: "ready";
+      synthesize: (params: {
+        prepared: PreparedSpeechSynthesis;
+        cfg: OpenClawConfig;
+        target: "audio-file" | "voice-note" | "telephony";
+        timeoutMs: number;
+      }) => Promise<TSynthesis>;
+    }
+  | {
+      kind: "skip";
+      reasonCode: TtsProviderAttempt["reasonCode"];
+      message: string;
+    };
+type TtsProviderSuccess<TSynthesis> = {
+  synthesis: TSynthesis;
+  latencyMs: number;
+  provider: string;
+  providerModel?: string;
+  providerVoice?: string;
+  persona?: string;
+  fallbackFrom?: string;
+  attemptedProviders: string[];
+  attempts: TtsProviderAttempt[];
+};
+
+export async function executeTtsProviderAttempts<TSynthesis, TResult>(params: {
+  cfg: OpenClawConfig;
+  config: ResolvedTtsConfig;
+  persona?: ResolvedTtsPersona;
+  providers: VoiceProviderCandidate[];
+  synthesisText: string;
+  providerOverrides?: Record<string, SpeechProviderOverrides>;
+  timeoutMs?: number;
+  target: "audio-file" | "voice-note" | "telephony";
+  logLabel: string;
+  requireTelephony?: boolean;
+  selectOperation: (params: {
+    provider: TtsProvider;
+    resolvedProvider: ReadySpeechProvider;
+  }) => TtsProviderOperation<TSynthesis>;
+  buildSuccess: (params: TtsProviderSuccess<TSynthesis>) => TResult;
+}): Promise<TResult | ReturnType<typeof buildTtsFailureResult>> {
+  const { cfg, config, persona, providers } = params;
+  const errors: string[] = [];
+  const attemptedProviders: string[] = [];
+  const attempts: TtsProviderAttempt[] = [];
+  const primaryProvider = providers[0]?.provider;
+  logVerbose(
+    `${params.logLabel}: starting with provider ${primaryProvider}, fallbacks: ${
+      providers
+        .slice(1)
+        .map((entry) => entry.provider)
+        .join(", ") || "none"
+    }`,
+  );
+
+  for (const { provider, voiceModel } of providers) {
+    attemptedProviders.push(provider);
+    const providerStart = Date.now();
+    try {
+      const resolvedProvider = resolveReadySpeechProvider({
+        provider,
+        cfg,
+        config,
+        persona,
+        voiceModel,
+        requireTelephony: params.requireTelephony,
+      });
+      if (resolvedProvider.kind === "skip") {
+        errors.push(resolvedProvider.message);
+        attempts.push({
+          provider,
+          outcome: "skipped",
+          reasonCode: resolvedProvider.reasonCode,
+          persona: persona?.id,
+          ...(resolvedProvider.personaBinding
+            ? { personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding }
+            : {}),
+          error: resolvedProvider.message,
+        });
+        logVerbose(
+          `${params.logLabel}: provider ${provider} skipped (${resolvedProvider.message})`,
+        );
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const operation = params.selectOperation({ provider, resolvedProvider });
+      if (operation.kind === "skip") {
+        errors.push(operation.message);
+        attempts.push({
+          provider,
+          outcome: "skipped",
+          reasonCode: operation.reasonCode,
+          persona: persona?.id,
+          personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding,
+          error: operation.message,
+        });
+        logVerbose(`${params.logLabel}: provider ${provider} skipped (${operation.message})`);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const timeoutMs = resolveSpeechProviderTimeoutMs({
+        timeoutMs: params.timeoutMs ?? voiceModel?.timeoutMs,
+        config,
+        provider: resolvedProvider.provider,
+      });
+      const prepared = await prepareSpeechSynthesis({
+        provider: resolvedProvider.provider,
+        text: params.synthesisText,
+        cfg,
+        providerConfig: resolvedProvider.providerConfig,
+        providerOverrides: params.providerOverrides?.[resolvedProvider.provider.id],
+        persona: resolvedProvider.synthesisPersona,
+        personaProviderConfig: resolvedProvider.personaProviderConfig,
+        target: params.target,
+        timeoutMs,
+      });
+      const synthesis = await operation.synthesize({
+        prepared,
+        cfg,
+        target: params.target,
+        timeoutMs,
+      });
+      const latencyMs = Date.now() - providerStart;
+      attempts.push({
+        provider,
+        outcome: "success",
+        reasonCode: "success",
+        persona: persona?.id,
+        personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding,
+        latencyMs,
+      });
+      return params.buildSuccess({
+        synthesis,
+        latencyMs,
+        provider,
+        providerModel: resolveTtsResultModel(prepared.providerConfig, prepared.providerOverrides),
+        providerVoice: resolveTtsResultVoice(prepared.providerConfig, prepared.providerOverrides),
+        persona: persona?.id,
+        fallbackFrom: provider !== primaryProvider ? primaryProvider : undefined,
+        attemptedProviders,
+        attempts,
+      });
+    } catch (err) {
+      const errorMsg = formatTtsProviderError(provider, err);
+      const latencyMs = Date.now() - providerStart;
+      errors.push(errorMsg);
+      attempts.push({
+        provider,
+        outcome: "failed",
+        reasonCode:
+          err instanceof Error && err.name === "AbortError" ? "timeout" : "provider_error",
+        latencyMs,
+        persona: persona?.id,
+        personaBinding: resolvePersonaBinding(persona, provider),
+        error: errorMsg,
+      });
+      const rawError = sanitizeTtsErrorForLog(err);
+      if (provider === primaryProvider) {
+        const hasFallbacks = providers.length > 1;
+        logVerbose(
+          `${params.logLabel}: primary provider ${provider} failed (${rawError})${hasFallbacks ? "; trying fallback providers." : "; no fallback providers configured."}`,
+        );
+      } else {
+        logVerbose(`${params.logLabel}: ${provider} failed (${rawError}); trying next provider.`);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return buildTtsFailureResult(errors, attemptedProviders, attempts, persona?.id);
+}
+
 function readTtsResultString(value: unknown): string | undefined {
   return typeof value === "string" && value.trim() ? value.trim() : undefined;
 }
 
-export function resolveTtsResultModel(
+function resolveTtsResultModel(
   providerConfig: SpeechProviderConfig,
   providerOverrides?: SpeechProviderOverrides,
 ): string | undefined {
@@ -254,7 +431,7 @@ export function resolveTtsResultModel(
   );
 }
 
-export function resolveTtsResultVoice(
+function resolveTtsResultVoice(
   providerConfig: SpeechProviderConfig,
   providerOverrides?: SpeechProviderOverrides,
 ): string | undefined {
@@ -272,7 +449,7 @@ export function resolveTtsResultVoice(
   );
 }
 
-export function resolvePersonaBinding(
+function resolvePersonaBinding(
   persona: ResolvedTtsPersona | undefined,
   provider: string,
 ): "applied" | "missing" | "none" {
diff --git a/packages/speech-core/src/tts-synthesis.ts b/packages/speech-core/src/tts-synthesis.ts
index 65b8dd7f9388..d427febb89cf 100644
--- a/packages/speech-core/src/tts-synthesis.ts
+++ b/packages/speech-core/src/tts-synthesis.ts
@@ -6,19 +6,8 @@ import { tempWorkspaceSync, resolvePreferredOpenClawTmpDir } from "openclaw/plug
 import { scheduleCleanup, type TtsDirectiveOverrides } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/speech-core";
 import { assertSpeechRuntimeAvailable } from "./runtime-availability.js";
 import { normalizeSpeechText } from "./speech-text.js";
-import { resolveSpeechProviderTimeoutMs } from "./tts-provider-resolution.js";
-import {
-  buildTtsFailureResult,
-  formatTtsProviderError,
-  prepareSpeechSynthesis,
-  resolvePersonaBinding,
-  resolveReadySpeechProvider,
-  resolveTtsRequestSetup,
-  resolveTtsResultModel,
-  resolveTtsResultVoice,
-  sanitizeTtsErrorForLog,
-} from "./tts-synthesis-support.js";
-import type { TtsProviderAttempt, TtsResult, TtsSynthesisResult } from "./tts-types.js";
+import { executeTtsProviderAttempts, resolveTtsRequestSetup } from "./tts-synthesis-support.js";
+import type { TtsResult, TtsSynthesisResult } from "./tts-types.js";
 
 export function supportsNativeVoiceNoteTts(channel: string | undefined): boolean {
   return resolveChannelTtsVoiceDelivery(channel) !== undefined;
@@ -214,122 +203,37 @@ export async function synthesizeSpeech(params: {
   }
 
   const { cfg, config, persona, providers } = setup;
-  const textForSynthesis = normalizeSpeechText(params.text);
   const target = resolveTtsSynthesisTarget(params.channel);
-
-  const errors: string[] = [];
-  const attemptedProviders: string[] = [];
-  const attempts: TtsProviderAttempt[] = [];
-  const primaryProvider = providers[0]?.provider;
-  logVerbose(
-    `TTS: starting with provider ${primaryProvider}, fallbacks: ${
-      providers
-        .slice(1)
-        .map((entry) => entry.provider)
-        .join(", ") || "none"
-    }`,
-  );
-
-  for (const { provider, voiceModel } of providers) {
-    attemptedProviders.push(provider);
-    const providerStart = Date.now();
-    try {
-      const resolvedProvider = resolveReadySpeechProvider({
-        provider,
-        cfg,
-        config,
-        persona,
-        voiceModel,
-      });
-      if (resolvedProvider.kind === "skip") {
-        errors.push(resolvedProvider.message);
-        attempts.push({
-          provider,
-          outcome: "skipped",
-          reasonCode: resolvedProvider.reasonCode,
-          persona: persona?.id,
-          ...(resolvedProvider.personaBinding
-            ? { personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding }
-            : {}),
-          error: resolvedProvider.message,
-        });
-        logVerbose(`TTS: provider ${provider} skipped (${resolvedProvider.message})`);
-        continue;
-      }
-      const timeoutMs = resolveSpeechProviderTimeoutMs({
-        timeoutMs: params.timeoutMs ?? voiceModel?.timeoutMs,
-        config,
-        provider: resolvedProvider.provider,
-      });
-      const prepared = await prepareSpeechSynthesis({
-        provider: resolvedProvider.provider,
-        text: textForSynthesis,
-        cfg,
-        providerConfig: resolvedProvider.providerConfig,
-        providerOverrides: params.overrides?.providerOverrides?.[resolvedProvider.provider.id],
-        persona: resolvedProvider.synthesisPersona,
-        personaProviderConfig: resolvedProvider.personaProviderConfig,
-        target,
-        timeoutMs,
-      });
-      const synthesis = await resolvedProvider.provider.synthesize({
-        text: prepared.text,
-        cfg,
-        providerConfig: prepared.providerConfig,
-        target,
-        providerOverrides: prepared.providerOverrides,
-        timeoutMs,
-      });
-      const latencyMs = Date.now() - providerStart;
-      attempts.push({
-        provider,
-        outcome: "success",
-        reasonCode: "success",
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding,
-        latencyMs,
-      });
-      return {
-        success: true,
-        audioBuffer: synthesis.audioBuffer,
-        latencyMs,
-        provider,
-        providerModel: resolveTtsResultModel(prepared.providerConfig, prepared.providerOverrides),
-        providerVoice: resolveTtsResultVoice(prepared.providerConfig, prepared.providerOverrides),
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        fallbackFrom: provider !== primaryProvider ? primaryProvider : undefined,
-        attemptedProviders,
-        attempts,
-        outputFormat: synthesis.outputFormat,
-        voiceCompatible: synthesis.voiceCompatible,
-        fileExtension: synthesis.fileExtension,
-        target,
-      };
-    } catch (err) {
-      const errorMsg = formatTtsProviderError(provider, err);
-      const latencyMs = Date.now() - providerStart;
-      errors.push(errorMsg);
-      attempts.push({
-        provider,
-        outcome: "failed",
-        reasonCode:
-          err instanceof Error && err.name === "AbortError" ? "timeout" : "provider_error",
-        latencyMs,
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        personaBinding: resolvePersonaBinding(persona, provider),
-        error: errorMsg,
-      });
-      const rawError = sanitizeTtsErrorForLog(err);
-      if (provider === primaryProvider) {
-        const hasFallbacks = providers.length > 1;
-        logVerbose(
-          `TTS: primary provider ${provider} failed (${rawError})${hasFallbacks ? "; trying fallback providers." : "; no fallback providers configured."}`,
-        );
-      } else {
-        logVerbose(`TTS: ${provider} failed (${rawError}); trying next provider.`);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  return buildTtsFailureResult(errors, attemptedProviders, attempts, persona?.id);
+  return await executeTtsProviderAttempts({
+    cfg,
+    config,
+    persona,
+    providers,
+    synthesisText: normalizeSpeechText(params.text),
+    providerOverrides: params.overrides?.providerOverrides,
+    timeoutMs: params.timeoutMs,
+    target,
+    logLabel: "TTS",
+    selectOperation: ({ resolvedProvider }) => ({
+      kind: "ready",
+      synthesize: ({ prepared, cfg: runtimeCfg, target: synthesisTarget, timeoutMs }) =>
+        resolvedProvider.provider.synthesize({
+          text: prepared.text,
+          cfg: runtimeCfg,
+          providerConfig: prepared.providerConfig,
+          target: synthesisTarget,
+          providerOverrides: prepared.providerOverrides,
+          timeoutMs,
+        }),
+    }),
+    buildSuccess: ({ synthesis, ...metadata }) => ({
+      success: true,
+      ...metadata,
+      audioBuffer: synthesis.audioBuffer,
+      outputFormat: synthesis.outputFormat,
+      voiceCompatible: synthesis.voiceCompatible,
+      fileExtension: synthesis.fileExtension,
+      target,
+    }),
+  });
 }
diff --git a/packages/speech-core/src/tts-telephony.ts b/packages/speech-core/src/tts-telephony.ts
index 9dfcc940e75b..76e00fe937fc 100644
--- a/packages/speech-core/src/tts-telephony.ts
+++ b/packages/speech-core/src/tts-telephony.ts
@@ -1,20 +1,8 @@
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
-import { logVerbose } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/runtime-env";
 import type { TtsDirectiveOverrides } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/speech-core";
 import { assertSpeechRuntimeAvailable } from "./runtime-availability.js";
-import { resolveSpeechProviderTimeoutMs } from "./tts-provider-resolution.js";
-import {
-  buildTtsFailureResult,
-  formatTtsProviderError,
-  prepareSpeechSynthesis,
-  resolvePersonaBinding,
-  resolveReadySpeechProvider,
-  resolveTtsRequestSetup,
-  resolveTtsResultModel,
-  resolveTtsResultVoice,
-  sanitizeTtsErrorForLog,
-} from "./tts-synthesis-support.js";
-import type { TtsProviderAttempt, TtsTelephonyResult } from "./tts-types.js";
+import { executeTtsProviderAttempts, resolveTtsRequestSetup } from "./tts-synthesis-support.js";
+import type { TtsTelephonyResult } from "./tts-types.js";
 
 export async function textToSpeechTelephony(params: {
   text: string;
@@ -35,121 +23,39 @@ export async function textToSpeechTelephony(params: {
   }
 
   const { cfg, config, persona, providers } = setup;
-  const errors: string[] = [];
-  const attemptedProviders: string[] = [];
-  const attempts: TtsProviderAttempt[] = [];
-  const primaryProvider = providers[0]?.provider;
-  logVerbose(
-    `TTS telephony: starting with provider ${primaryProvider}, fallbacks: ${
-      providers
-        .slice(1)
-        .map((entry) => entry.provider)
-        .join(", ") || "none"
-    }`,
-  );
-
-  for (const { provider, voiceModel } of providers) {
-    attemptedProviders.push(provider);
-    const providerStart = Date.now();
-    try {
-      const resolvedProvider = resolveReadySpeechProvider({
-        provider,
-        cfg,
-        config,
-        persona,
-        voiceModel,
-        requireTelephony: true,
-      });
-      if (resolvedProvider.kind === "skip") {
-        errors.push(resolvedProvider.message);
-        attempts.push({
-          provider,
-          outcome: "skipped",
-          reasonCode: resolvedProvider.reasonCode,
-          persona: persona?.id,
-          ...(resolvedProvider.personaBinding
-            ? { personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding }
-            : {}),
-          error: resolvedProvider.message,
-        });
-        logVerbose(`TTS telephony: provider ${provider} skipped (${resolvedProvider.message})`);
-        continue;
-      }
-      const timeoutMs = resolveSpeechProviderTimeoutMs({
-        timeoutMs: params.timeoutMs ?? voiceModel?.timeoutMs,
-        config,
-        provider: resolvedProvider.provider,
-      });
+  return await executeTtsProviderAttempts({
+    cfg,
+    config,
+    persona,
+    providers,
+    synthesisText: params.text,
+    providerOverrides: params.overrides?.providerOverrides,
+    timeoutMs: params.timeoutMs,
+    target: "telephony",
+    logLabel: "TTS telephony",
+    requireTelephony: true,
+    selectOperation: ({ resolvedProvider }) => {
       const synthesizeTelephony = resolvedProvider.provider.synthesizeTelephony as NonNullable<
         typeof resolvedProvider.provider.synthesizeTelephony
       >;
-      const prepared = await prepareSpeechSynthesis({
-        provider: resolvedProvider.provider,
-        text: params.text,
-        cfg,
-        providerConfig: resolvedProvider.providerConfig,
-        providerOverrides: params.overrides?.providerOverrides?.[resolvedProvider.provider.id],
-        persona: resolvedProvider.synthesisPersona,
-        personaProviderConfig: resolvedProvider.personaProviderConfig,
-        target: "telephony",
-        timeoutMs,
-      });
-      const synthesis = await synthesizeTelephony({
-        text: prepared.text,
-        cfg,
-        providerConfig: prepared.providerConfig,
-        providerOverrides: prepared.providerOverrides,
-        timeoutMs,
-      });
-      const latencyMs = Date.now() - providerStart;
-      attempts.push({
-        provider,
-        outcome: "success",
-        reasonCode: "success",
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        personaBinding: resolvedProvider.personaBinding,
-        latencyMs,
-      });
-
       return {
-        success: true,
-        audioBuffer: synthesis.audioBuffer,
-        latencyMs,
-        provider,
-        providerModel: resolveTtsResultModel(prepared.providerConfig, prepared.providerOverrides),
-        providerVoice: resolveTtsResultVoice(prepared.providerConfig, prepared.providerOverrides),
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        fallbackFrom: provider !== primaryProvider ? primaryProvider : undefined,
-        attemptedProviders,
-        attempts,
-        outputFormat: synthesis.outputFormat,
-        sampleRate: synthesis.sampleRate,
+        kind: "ready",
+        synthesize: ({ prepared, cfg: runtimeCfg, timeoutMs }) =>
+          synthesizeTelephony({
+            text: prepared.text,
+            cfg: runtimeCfg,
+            providerConfig: prepared.providerConfig,
+            providerOverrides: prepared.providerOverrides,
+            timeoutMs,
+          }),
       };
-    } catch (err) {
-      const errorMsg = formatTtsProviderError(provider, err);
-      const latencyMs = Date.now() - providerStart;
-      errors.push(errorMsg);
-      attempts.push({
-        provider,
-        outcome: "failed",
-        reasonCode:
-          err instanceof Error && err.name === "AbortError" ? "timeout" : "provider_error",
-        latencyMs,
-        persona: persona?.id,
-        personaBinding: resolvePersonaBinding(persona, provider),
-        error: errorMsg,
-      });
-      const rawError = sanitizeTtsErrorForLog(err);
-      if (provider === primaryProvider) {
-        const hasFallbacks = providers.length > 1;
-        logVerbose(
-          `TTS telephony: primary provider ${provider} failed (${rawError})${hasFallbacks ? "; trying fallback providers." : "; no fallback providers configured."}`,
-        );
-      } else {
-        logVerbose(`TTS telephony: ${provider} failed (${rawError}); trying next provider.`);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  return buildTtsFailureResult(errors, attemptedProviders, attempts, persona?.id);
+    },
+    buildSuccess: ({ synthesis, ...metadata }) => ({
+      success: true,
+      ...metadata,
+      audioBuffer: synthesis.audioBuffer,
+      outputFormat: synthesis.outputFormat,
+      sampleRate: synthesis.sampleRate,
+    }),
+  });
 }
diff --git a/packages/speech-core/src/tts.test.ts b/packages/speech-core/src/tts.test.ts
index 2da23566e011..0a665d6c2251 100644
--- a/packages/speech-core/src/tts.test.ts
+++ b/packages/speech-core/src/tts.test.ts
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ const {
   setTtsMaxLength,
   synthesizeSpeech,
   textToSpeech,
+  textToSpeechStream,
   textToSpeechTelephony,
 } = await import("../runtime-api.js");
 
@@ -835,6 +836,119 @@ describe("speech-core native voice-note routing", () => {
     ]);
   });
 
+  it("skips non-streaming providers before using a streaming fallback", async () => {
+    const release = vi.fn(async () => {});
+    const streamSynthesize = vi.fn(async () => ({
+      audioStream: new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+        start(controller) {
+          controller.close();
+        },
+      }),
+      fileExtension: ".pcm",
+      outputFormat: "pcm",
+      voiceCompatible: false,
+      release,
+    }));
+    installSpeechProviders([
+      createMockSpeechProvider("buffered", { autoSelectOrder: 1 }),
+      createMockSpeechProvider("streaming", {
+        autoSelectOrder: 2,
+        streamSynthesize,
+      }),
+    ]);
+
+    const result = await textToSpeechStream({
+      text: "Use streaming fallback.",
+      cfg: {
+        tts: {
+          enabled: true,
+          provider: "buffered",
+          prefsPath: "/tmp/openclaw-speech-core-streaming-fallback-test.json",
+        },
+      } as OpenClawConfig,
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.provider).toBe("streaming");
+    expect(result.fallbackFrom).toBe("buffered");
+    expect(result.attemptedProviders).toEqual(["buffered", "streaming"]);
+    expect(result.outputFormat).toBe("pcm");
+    expect(result.fileExtension).toBe(".pcm");
+    expect(result.target).toBe("audio-file");
+    expect(result.release).toBe(release);
+    const skippedAttempt = requireAttempt(result.attempts, 0);
+    expect(skippedAttempt).toMatchObject({
+      provider: "buffered",
+      outcome: "skipped",
+      reasonCode: "unsupported_for_streaming",
+      personaBinding: "none",
+      error: "buffered does not support streaming TTS",
+    });
+    expect(skippedAttempt).not.toHaveProperty("latencyMs");
+    expect(requireAttempt(result.attempts, 1)).toMatchObject({
+      provider: "streaming",
+      outcome: "success",
+      reasonCode: "success",
+    });
+    expect(streamSynthesize).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  });
+
+  it("classifies streaming timeouts before falling back with raw text", async () => {
+    const timeoutStreamSynthesize = vi.fn(async () => {
+      const error = new Error("stalled");
+      error.name = "AbortError";
+      throw error;
+    });
+    const fallbackStreamSynthesize = vi.fn(async () => ({
+      audioStream: new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+        start(controller) {
+          controller.close();
+        },
+      }),
+      fileExtension: ".pcm",
+      outputFormat: "pcm",
+      voiceCompatible: false,
+    }));
+    installSpeechProviders([
+      createMockSpeechProvider("primary", {
+        autoSelectOrder: 1,
+        streamSynthesize: timeoutStreamSynthesize,
+      }),
+      createMockSpeechProvider("fallback", {
+        autoSelectOrder: 2,
+        streamSynthesize: fallbackStreamSynthesize,
+      }),
+    ]);
+    const text = "## Keep [streaming Markdown](https://example.com) raw!!!!!";
+
+    const result = await textToSpeechStream({
+      text,
+      cfg: {
+        tts: {
+          enabled: true,
+          provider: "primary",
+          prefsPath: "/tmp/openclaw-speech-core-streaming-timeout-test.json",
+        },
+      } as OpenClawConfig,
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.provider).toBe("fallback");
+    expect(result.fallbackFrom).toBe("primary");
+    expect(requireAttempt(result.attempts, 0)).toMatchObject({
+      provider: "primary",
+      outcome: "failed",
+      reasonCode: "timeout",
+      error: "primary: request timed out",
+    });
+    expect(requireAttempt(result.attempts, 1)).toMatchObject({
+      provider: "fallback",
+      outcome: "success",
+      reasonCode: "success",
+    });
+    expect(fallbackStreamSynthesize).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({ text }));
+  });
+
   it("ignores voiceModel refs that are not speech models", async () => {
     installSpeechProviders([
       createMockSpeechProvider("openai", {
@@ -1419,8 +1533,9 @@ describe("speech-core native voice-note routing", () => {
       }),
     ]);
 
+    const text = "## Keep [telephony Markdown](https://example.com) raw!!!!!";
     const result = await textToSpeechTelephony({
-      text: "Use a directed telephony voice.",
+      text,
       cfg: {
         tts: {
           enabled: true,
@@ -1455,6 +1570,8 @@ describe("speech-core native voice-note routing", () => {
       speakerVoice: "directed-voice",
       speed: 1.5,
     });
+    expect(telephonyRequest.text).toBe(text);
+    expect(telephonyRequest).not.toHaveProperty("target");
   });
 
   it("uses provider defaults when fallback policy allows missing persona bindings", async () => {