fix(installer): time out stalled runtime downloads (#108619)

* fix(installer): bound curl download stalls

* chore: format installer timeout tests

* fix(installer): limit timeout to true download stalls

* fix(installer): scope timeout to transfer stalls

scripts/install-cli.sh

@@ -137,7 +137,11 @@ download_file() {
     detect_downloader
   fi
   if [[ "$DOWNLOADER" == "curl" ]]; then
-    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 --retry 3 --retry-delay 1 --retry-connrefused -o "$output" "$url"
+    # Bound post-connect stalls without imposing a total download duration.
+    curl -fsSL --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 \
+      --speed-limit 1 --speed-time 30 \
+      --retry 3 --retry-delay 1 --retry-connrefused \
+      -o "$output" "$url"
     return
   fi
   wget -q --https-only --secure-protocol=TLSv1_2 --tries=3 --timeout=20 -O "$output" "$url"